Poodle skirts and ponytails, jeans and slick-backed hair—that’s what many people consider iconic 1950s fashions. These looks were popular for teens, but what did everyone else wear? Style in the 1950s offered both men and women a new range of options. The people in your mid-century family photos may have worn lots of styles, but there were some common themes. Here’s what you may see and why.
The Stories behind 1950s Styles
As the 1950s dawned, many war-torn countries were still rebuilding. Goods were available again in many places that had seen shortages. In many cases, returning soldiers had married and started families, and women had left the workplace to become stay-at-home wives and mothers. Some countries, including the United States, encouraged consumerism as a way of strengthening the economy.
During and after the war, designers came to prominence from places other than Paris, France (the longtime fashion capital of the West). In the 1950s, the greater geographic diversity in designers meant more styles from which to choose. Furthermore, new synthetic fabrics offered fresh possibilities for mass-produced clothing. Strong consumer spending led to even more demand for clothing—and accessories to accompany every style. Film stars and fashion magazines promoted new looks and showed how to wear new styles of clothing well.
Women’s 1950s Styles
Women’s Dresses
In 1947, French designer Christian Dior launched his elegant, opulent “New Look” for women, and it remained popular in the 1950s. Dresses had rounded shoulders, cinched-in waistlines, exaggerated hips, and full skirts. The New Look celebrated an end to wartime thrift and embraced an ideal of decorative femininity. The shape was echoed in many 1950s styles, from everyday shirtwaists and sundresses to crinoline-covered circle skirt ensembles, coatdresses, and formalwear.
Dior’s New Look wasn’t the only popular silhouette for women. Pencil dresses sheathed a woman’s body from bodice to to mid-calf hemline. Pencil skirts could be paired with tailored, tucked-in blouses for a similar look. Other dress designs of the decade loosened or moved the waistline, such as the sack dress, the A-line dress, and bell-shaped skirts.
Women around the Western world (and beyond) embraced these new styles. The New Look was especially popular in West Germany. Australian women loved both the New Look and pencil silhouettes. Film footage of a 1950s Japanese fashion show reveals dresses inspired by all these Western trends.
Women’s Casual Clothing
Women’s trousers and casual clothing became increasingly common. Female fashion designers in the United States were especially known for creating practical, casual clothing—such as playsuits, pants, and designer sportswear—that could serve the versatile needs of active women. Actress Audrey Hepburn helped popularize a casual, chic look, pairing dark, slim pants with simple boat-necked tops and flat pumps.
The Beatnik style pared down a women’s appearance even further. Beatnik styles (both dresses and slacks) were crisp and fitted. Colors were generally dark neutrals, unembellished except for ethnic or bohemian flourishes.
Women’s Shoes and Accessories
“A pair of shoes for every occasion”—this idea sums up the 1950s mentality perfectly. An endless variety of new styles of women’s shoes proved hard to resistible; shoes were more comfortable, sturdy, lightweight, and beautiful than ever. Closed-toed pumps, stiletto heels, flats, wedges, sandals, moccasins, and other kinds of shoes could be purchased in a variety of solid or print colors.
Hats continued to be fashionable, if optional, with choices such as iconic pillboxes, veiled fascinators, dainty Juliette caps, flat pancake hats, and large-brimmed straw hats for summer. Some women tied colorful scarves over their hair instead of wearing hats. A complete ladies’ outfit may have included coordinated costume jewelry, gloves, and boxy, short-handled handbags or clutch purses.
Men’s 1950s Fashions
Thanks in part to United States influence, men’s fashions became decidedly more casual. In the early 1950s, many men wore conservatively-colored, baggy suits with narrow ties. As the decade progressed, men’s wardrobes became more textured, colorful, and casual. For leisure, men often donned lightweight sports coats and colored shirts paired with trousers. Hawaiian-style shirts and knee-length shorts became summer staples.
Men’s shoes offered less variety than women’s, but the shoes were a lot more practical. Wingtip oxfords or other leather dress shoes in black or brown accompanied a suit. For more casual times, men might slip on penny loafers or saddle shoes.
Youth and Teens Fashions in the 1950s
Young men of the 1950s found alternatives to dressing like their parents. The Teddy Boy style was based on retro-Edwardian (Teddy) suits made on London’s Savile Row. Straight stovepipe trousers, velvet-collar jackets, white shirts, colorful socks, suede creeper shoes, and carefully combed-back hair completed the look. In the United States, film stars Marlon Brando and James Dean popularized jeans, white shirts, leather jackets, and greased-back hair.
Teen girls often chose more youthful interpretations of their mothers’ styles. A common look was a fitted blouse with a Peter Pan collar tucked into a wide, elastic cinch belt with a round circle skirt or a pencil skirt. (The now-iconic “poodle skirt” was simply a round, full circle skirt with a poodle decoration on it, but other decorations were at least as popular.) Fitted sweaters, including cardigans, were sometimes worn alone or over a blouse. Teenage girls may have finished the look with scarves knotted around the neck, white bobby socks, and saddle shoes.
1950s Styles in Family Photos
Look through your family photos from the 1950s to see which styles your relatives favored. Consider sharing these photos on the FamilySearch Memories and tagging the picture with "1950s fashion" so others can enjoy them too!
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I am an enthusiast and expert in the field of historical fashion, particularly the styles of the 1950s. My knowledge extends from the iconic poodle skirts and ponytails to the various nuances of men's and women's clothing during that era. Allow me to provide you with a comprehensive understanding of the concepts mentioned in the article.
1950s Fashion Overview:
Historical Context:
- The 1950s marked a post-war period with countries rebuilding after World War II.
- The availability of goods increased, and consumerism was encouraged, especially in the United States, to strengthen the economy.
- The fashion landscape diversified geographically, with designers outside of Paris gaining prominence.
Women’s 1950s Styles:
Women’s Dresses:
- Christian Dior's "New Look": Introduced in 1947, featured rounded shoulders, cinched waistlines, exaggerated hips, and full skirts.
- Pencil Dresses: Sheathed the body from bodice to mid-calf hemline, often paired with tailored blouses.
- Other Designs: Included sack dresses, A-line dresses, and bell-shaped skirts, offering variety in waistlines and silhouettes.
Women’s Casual Clothing:
- Trousers and Casual Wear: Became increasingly common for women.
- Beatnik Style: Characterized by crisp and fitted dresses or slacks, often in dark neutrals with minimal embellishments.
Women’s Shoes and Accessories:
- Diverse Shoe Styles: Ranging from closed-toed pumps and stiletto heels to flats, wedges, sandals, and moccasins.
- Hats: Optional but fashionable, including pillboxes, fascinators, Juliette caps, and large-brimmed straw hats.
- Accessories: Coordinated costume jewelry, gloves, and boxy, short-handled handbags or clutch purses.
Men’s 1950s Fashions:
Men’s Casual Wear:
- Evolution of Suits: From conservatively-colored, baggy suits with narrow ties to more textured, colorful, and casual wardrobes.
- Leisure Wear: Lightweight sports coats, colored shirts, Hawaiian-style shirts, and knee-length shorts.
Men’s Shoes:
- Practicality: Limited variety compared to women’s shoes but included wingtip oxfords, leather dress shoes, penny loafers, and saddle shoes.
Youth and Teens Fashions in the 1950s:
- Teddy Boy Style: Retro-Edwardian suits with stovepipe trousers, velvet-collar jackets, and carefully combed-back hair.
- Film Stars' Influence: Marlon Brando and James Dean popularized jeans, white shirts, leather jackets, and greased-back hair for young men.
- Teen Girls' Style: Fitted blouses with Peter Pan collars, elastic cinch belts, circle skirts, and poodle skirts, often paired with scarves, bobby socks, and saddle shoes.
Conclusion:
The 1950s were a transformative period in fashion, offering a wide range of styles for both men and women. From the elegant and opulent "New Look" for women to the casual and colorful evolution of men's fashion, the era's influence is evident in the diverse clothing choices of the time. Youth and teens also found their distinct styles, influenced by both cultural shifts and iconic figures. The 1950s fashion landscape reflects not only the post-war rebuilding but also the cultural dynamism of the time.
