Adenosine, Ketogenic Diet and Epilepsy: The Emerging Therapeutic Relationship Between Metabolism and Brain Activity (2024)

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Adenosine, Ketogenic Diet and Epilepsy: The Emerging Therapeutic Relationship Between Metabolism and Brain Activity (2024)

FAQs

What is the relationship between keto diet and epilepsy? ›

The ketogenic diet is a way of treating patients with unmanaged epilepsy. The diet — high in fats and low in carbs — works by changing how the brain gets energy to function. Although not well understood, this diet has successfully reduced seizures in many patients.

How can I increase adenosine naturally? ›

Adenosine is a byproduct of cellular metabolism, so the more active and alert we are during the day, the more adenosine builds up in the brain. Exercise for example can increase brain adenosine levels and through stimulation of adenosine receptors promote sleep.

Does keto increase adenosine? ›

The mechanisms of action of ketogenic diet in epilepsy have been revealed recently, such as epigenetic mechanism for increase the adenosine level in the brain and inhibition of DNA methylation.

What foods contain adenosine? ›

Adenosine is considered a purine, one of the many types of natural chemical compounds that are found in many food products. You can get Adenosine by consuming fruits, vegetables, and meat.

What foods are not good for epilepsy? ›

Some foods should be avoided or limited, such as foods that are high in sugar, foods and beverages that contain caffeine, and alcohol. Some people with seizures that don't respond well to medications may benefit from a medically supervised diet such as the ketogenic diet or the modified Atkins diet.

How does the ketogenic diet induce anti seizure effects? ›

The KD increases brain levels of acetyl-CoA (from KBs) and aspartate (from TCA-cycle intermediates) which both contribute to the synthesis of myelin [8]. Another product of fat metabolism with multiple anti-seizure effects is poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs).

What depletes adenosine? ›

Sleeping depletes adenosine, and you wake up with a lower level.

How do you increase adenosine in the brain? ›

Intense exercise causes a metabolic decrease in pH [84], decreased pH has been shown to increase adenosine [42, 146], and intense exercise has been shown to increase brain adenosine [47] and improve symptoms of autism [98].

Can you buy adenosine over the counter? ›

Adenosine is available as a prescription-only IV medicine approved for certain conditions. When used as a supplement, there isn't enough reliable information to know what an appropriate dose of adenosine might be.

How can I reduce adenosine naturally? ›

Zinc is the most important natural substance that increases the activity of ADA, the main enzyme that breaks down adenosine and reduces its levels. Zinc acts as a cofactor that this enzyme needs in sufficient levels to work well [88].

Does coffee increase adenosine? ›

In particular, caffeine increases plasma adenosine concentration, and its reduction after antagonist withdrawal suggests receptor-mediated regulation of the plasma adenosine concentration. During ischemia and/or hypoxia, adenosine also has neuroprotective actions.

Does caffeine stimulate adenosine? ›

Due to its similar structure, caffeine binds to the adenosine receptors. Caffeine therefore, not only blocks adenosine's ability to slow nerve activity, but it increases nerve activity, leaving us stimulated, more alert, energetic, and occasionally with coffee jitters.

What foods block adenosine receptors? ›

The Battle Between Adenosine and Caffeine

This naturally occurring substance is found in many beverages and some foods, including coffee, tea, energy drinks, and chocolate. The primary way that caffeine works is by blocking adenosine receptors.

Is there a supplement for adenosine? ›

Doctors use medicinal adenosine, either in IV form or supplement form that can be taken orally, to manage many types of health conditions, including: Irregular heartbeats. Kidney failure or multiple organ failure. High blood pressure/pulmonary hypertension.

What organ produces adenosine? ›

Therefore, adenosine (Ado) is synthesized mainly in the liver as the product of dephosphorylation of AMP, and travels in the blood at a concentration of about 0.5 µM [2,3].

Why are ketones good for epilepsy? ›

The ketogenic diet reduces the amount of glutamate in the brain and enhances the synthesis of GABA, making it less likely for a seizure to occur. The diet can also reduce inflammation in the brain, and inflammation due to infections like meningitis, encephalitis, or autoimmune disorders can trigger seizures.

How long does keto take to reduce seizures? ›

Discussion: The KD works quickly when effective, typically within the first 1-2 weeks. Starting the KD after a fasting period may lead to a more rapid, but equivalent long-term seizure reduction, confirming prior reports. If the KD has not led to seizure reduction after 2 months, it can probably be discontinued.

Does high carb low fat diet treat epilepsy? ›

The ketogenic diet has been shown to be effective in significantly reducing seizures in about half of the children who start it. A small number of children will become seizure-free on the diet.

Is banana good for epilepsy? ›

Bananas and seizures

One of the things your body uses potassium for is to help with sending electrical signals in the brain. There is some evidence that having too much potassium in the brain could be a seizure trigger. However, if you just have one banana per day, this is unlikely to put you at an increased risk.

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