Current Guide to College Degrees, Certifications & Professional Studies (2024)

There are generally four categories of college degrees: associate degree, bachelor’s degree, graduate degree, and doctorate or professional degree. Each category comes with its own particular subcategories, and there are some subtle differences between a doctorate and a professional degree.

If you ever find yourself lost in the sea of abbreviations for degrees, you're not alone. This quick guide is here to clear the air regarding the types of degrees available to you and what each one means.

Guide to College Degrees, Professional Studies & Certifications

Associate Degree

An associate degree is a two-year degree typically offered at community colleges, technical colleges, and career colleges. However, some four-year universities offer them as well. Examples of some associate degrees include Associate of Arts (AA) and Associate of Science (AS).

AS degrees are generally more narrowly focused and prepare students for science and math-related careers. AA degrees are broader and focus on fields outside of math and science such as liberal arts, business administration, criminal justice, and culinary arts.

Some students who earn an associate degree transfer to a four-year program to earn a bachelor’s degree. Others complete associate degrees and then go straight to work.

Bachelor's or Baccalaureate Degree

Bachelor’s degrees require students to complete four- or five-year programs in a specific academic discipline. The two most common types of bachelor’s degrees are bachelor of arts (BA) and bachelor of science (BS). Other types of bachelor’s degrees include the bachelor of fine arts (BFA), and bachelor of architecture (BArch).

Because bachelor’s degrees train students to enter a specific field, many professional careers require them. Earning a bachelor’s degree can open the door to many job opportunities and increase your potential income.

Some institutions offer a liberal arts and career combination program, also called a 3-2 program. This is a type of dual degree in which a student completes three years of liberal arts study followed by two years of professional or technical study. In the end, students earn two bachelor’s degrees, usually a BA and a BS.

An example of this is Columbia University’s 3-2 Combined Plan program in which students can earn a BA and a BS in five years.

Some colleges also let you earn a teacher certification by combining bachelor's degree study with state certification requirements. State requirements vary, but these programs usually feature professional education courses, including student teaching.

Graduate Degree

Graduate degrees are advanced degrees that some students pursue after earning a bachelor’s degree. The two most common are master of arts (MA) and master of science (MS). Other examples include master of fine arts (MFA) and master of business administration (MBA). A graduate degree is like an extension of a bachelor’s degree whereby a student further enriches their knowledge of their field and narrows their focus of study.

Graduate degrees usually take around two years to attain, but this can vary based on the degree. Many institutions allow students to enroll in a graduate program in a field unrelated to their bachelor’s degree. This may require some extra credit hours, though.

Professional Degree

Students earn professional degrees to become licensed to work in professions like medicine or law. The M.D. degree is an example. Professional programs generally require a college degree before you start them and then at least three years of study to complete.

Doctoral Degree and Professional Degree

The doctorate and professional degrees are the highest levels of education one can attain. They signify mastery of a subject and often come with the coveted title “doctor.” Although the two are similar, there are some important differences.

A doctorate or doctoral degree is a research-oriented degree focused on scholarly development. The most common doctorate is the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD). Despite the name, a PhD covers many disciplines, not just philosophy.

A professional degree is an application-oriented degree, meaning it prepares students for a specific working position. There are many types of professional degrees. Some examples are: doctor of medicine (MD), doctor of pharmacy (PharmD), and doctor of medicine in dentistry (DMD) in the field of medicine, and juris doctor (JD) and doctor of juridical science (SJD) in the field of law.

A graduate degree does not need to precede a doctorate or professional degree. Often, students will go straight into a doctorate or professional program following their bachelor’s, however some programs will require a master’s degree to gain entry. Completion can take anywhere from four to eight years, depending on the field of study.

Many doctoral students work either full-time or part-time while they study in the program. This, along with the field they are studying, will significantly affect the time it takes to complete their degree.

Joint Degrees

Some students may choose to pursue a joint degree, also known as a dual degree, which means they simultaneously study for a bachelor’s degree and a graduate degree. Joint degrees can be pursued in the same college or can be split between two different colleges. For example, Berklee College of Music and Harvard University offer a dual bachelor’s/master’s program in which a student receives a bachelor of arts (BA) at Harvard and a master of music (MM) or master of arts (MA) at Berklee.

Depending on the program, it may be possible to study at the same time for a master's degree and a doctorate. For example, the University of Southern California offers a program leading to doctor of pharmacy and master of public health degrees.

FAQ

How do academic degrees go in order?

There are four types of degrees. In order of level of education, they rank as associate degree, bachelor’s degree, master’s or graduate degrees, and doctorate or professional degrees.

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How many degrees are there in college?

Most community colleges offer only two-year associate degrees, while most four-year colleges offer bachelor’s, graduate, and doctorate or professional degrees. Some four-year colleges may also have associate degree programs.

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How many years do you have to be in college to achieve certain degrees?

Though it will vary between academic disciplines, associate degrees usually take two years to achieve, bachelor’s degrees take four years, master’s degrees take two years, and doctorate or professional degrees can take anywhere from four to eight years.

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What is an eight-year degree?

An “eight-year degree” typically refers to a doctorate degree or PhD. Although some doctorates can be completed in as little as three years, these degrees typically require more time studying highly specialized subjects. Students in these programs often must defend a dissertation while already working a professional job.

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What are the four years of college called?

The first four years of college are the undergraduate years, and a student studying for a bachelor’s degree is called an undergraduate. The four years refer to the total accumulated credit hours; a student may take fewer or more than four years to attain their undergraduate degree.

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What does a graduate degree mean?

A graduate degree or master’s degree is an advanced degree that some students pursue after earning a bachelor’s degree. Earning a graduate degree signifies mastery of a particular field of study and focuses more intensely on a subject than a bachelor’s degree does. Graduate degrees usually take two years to attain.

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What do you call a master's student?

A master's student is called a graduate student or “grad student” for short. A student still studying for a bachelor’s degree is called an undergraduate student or “undergrad student.”

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How many years is a master's degree?

Graduate degrees usually take around two years to attain, but this can vary based on the degree. Many institutions allow students to enroll in a graduate program in a field unrelated to their bachelor’s degree, although it may require some extra credit hours.

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Current Guide to College Degrees, Certifications & Professional Studies (2024)

FAQs

Current Guide to College Degrees, Certifications & Professional Studies? ›

Each type of credential offers a different experience. For example, Pena said that a degree, by design, is “a much more expansive educational experience.” In contrast, a certificate is “more targeted and more specific to a particular domain or field of expertise.”

What is a difference between a college degree and a professional certificate? ›

Each type of credential offers a different experience. For example, Pena said that a degree, by design, is “a much more expansive educational experience.” In contrast, a certificate is “more targeted and more specific to a particular domain or field of expertise.”

What are the 4 types of college degrees? ›

There are generally four categories of college degrees: associate degree, bachelor's degree, graduate degree, and doctorate or professional degree. Each category comes with its own particular subcategories, and there are some subtle differences between a doctorate and a professional degree.

How long does it take to get a Bach? ›

At many schools, it takes about four years to earn a bachelor's degree. However, this is by no means the only timeframe. Depending on the program you choose, it can take anywhere from three to six years for someone to earn their degree.

What is a 8 year degree called? ›

A doctorate degree typically takes anywhere from four to six years to complete. On average, a Ph. D. is earned within eight years. The length of time it takes to earn your doctorate is based on numerous factors.

What is a professional certificate equivalent to? ›

Many professional certificates have the same curriculum as master's degrees in the same subject. Many other professional certificates offer the same courses as master's degrees in the same subject, but require the student to take fewer total courses to complete the program.

Are college certificates worth it? ›

A certificate program can be a valuable investment if you are looking to gain in-demand skills and knowledge in a particular field. Depending on your field, earning your certificate can open doors to new job opportunities, promotions with increased salaries, and specializations in areas related to your job.

What is the lowest degree in college? ›

Here are the college degrees in order, from lowest ranking to highest:
  • Associate degree (undergraduate)
  • Bachelor's degree (undergraduate)
  • Master's degree (graduate)
  • Doctoral degree (graduate)

What is a 6 year degree called? ›

A bachelor's degree (from Middle Latin baccalaureus) or baccalaureate (from Modern Latin baccalaureatus) is an undergraduate academic degree awarded by colleges and universities upon completion of a course of study lasting three to six years (depending on institution and academic discipline).

What is a 5 year degree called? ›

Bachelor's Degree - An award (baccalaureate) that normally requires at least 4 but not more than 5 years of full-time equivalent college-level work.

What is a 2 year degree called? ›

Different types of associate degrees, such as an Associate of Science (AS) or Associate of Arts (AA), are 60 credits and can be completed in 2 years or less, and are a great first step toward earning an entry-level job or promotion.

What makes Bach so difficult? ›

The reason why Bach is being criticized as being very hard, I believe is because of a few elements: scarce articulation marking, zero dynamics marking, awkward fingerings and confusing contrapuntal style. Compared to Mozart it does take more time to figure out in the early stage.

What is the fastest way to get a college degree? ›

An accelerated online program is the fastest way to get a bachelor's degree. You can earn credits quickly and maximize your transfer credits to finish a bachelor's degree in as little as 1-2 years. And with an accredited online program, you can feel confident in the quality of your degree.

What is higher than a PhD? ›

Doctor of science

It is considered to be the highest terminal degree in many countries and is often a requirement for academic positions within universities and research institutions. The Doctor of Science requires 6-8 years after obtaining a PhD, and involves rigorous coursework, research, and examinations.

What's the highest paying major? ›

Chemical engineering majors topped the list of highest incomes right after college, earning a median annual wage of $75,000 as of February 2023, according to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. According to 2021 data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), chemical engineers earned a median salary of $105,550.

What is below a PhD? ›

Academic degree levels in order are associate degree, bachelor's degree, master's degree and doctoral degree. Students may also earn certificates as academic credentials.

What is the easiest license to get? ›

What Is The Easiest License To Get? Some of the easiest licenses to get include — Marketing, Phlebotomist, and Personal Trainer certifications. They are considered easy licenses to get as you don't need years of experience in order to successfully pass the exams.

Which is better certificate or certification? ›

A certificate program does not lead to a professional certification. Yes, the courses you take in a certificate program could help you prepare to earn a professional field-specific certification, but earning a certificate is not the same as becoming certified.

Do employers take online certificates seriously? ›

Do employers accept online degrees? In general, employers should treat an online degree the same as they would a campus-based degree. Most employers care far more about the quality of the school than the delivery format of the degree.

Do you make more money with a certificate or degree? ›

Typically, more eduction = higher pay. However, depending on the field and what the local job market is like, it is possible to make more money with a certification than with a degree.

Do colleges like to see certifications? ›

Certifications when you are a student show that you have an interest and a skillset that is above the average highschooler. They show that you are a carrer-oriented person who is ready to get things done, which means colleges can have confidence you'll make their post graduation employment rates look good.

Are certificates cheaper than degrees? ›

While degree costs range widely and depend on whether you are paying in-state or out-of-state tuition, as well as whether a college is a public or private institution, degree programs include far more credit hours than certificates, and so are more expensive.

What is the most dropped degree? ›

These Are the 10 Degrees With the Highest Dropout Rates
  • Computer Science: 9.8 percent.
  • Business: 8.6 percent.
  • Advertising: 8 percent.
  • Journalism: 7.6 percent.
  • Art: 7.3 percent.
  • Architecture: 7.2 percent.
  • Engineering: 7 percent.
  • Biology: 6.8 percent.
May 29, 2023

What degree is most dropped out? ›

Computing is the major with the highest college dropout rate — 10.7%. The number of dropout college students varies across degrees and majors.

What is the easiest degree in college? ›

What Are the Easiest College Majors of 2023?
  • Journalism.
  • Liberal Arts.
  • Linguistics.
  • Music.
  • Religious Studies.
  • Social Work.
  • Sociology.
  • Visual and Performing Arts.

What is a 2 3 year degree called? ›

An associate degree or associate's degree is an undergraduate degree awarded after a course of post-secondary study lasting two to three years. It is a level of qualification above a high school diploma, GED, or matriculation, and below a bachelor's degree.

Which job requires the most education? ›

Doctors, lawyers, scientists, and teachers all require specialized training that prepares them for work in their fields. Not only do they need to earn college degrees, but many must go on to postgraduate work that is both rigorous and extensive.

What is BS stand for in college? ›

The BS (Bachelor of Science) degree is offered in Computer Science, Mathematics, Psychology, Statistics, and each of the natural sciences.

What is the highest degree? ›

Earning a doctorate degree – the highest traditional academic degree – can be an arduous and lengthy endeavor, taking anywhere from three to seven years, or more, of study. Candidates can choose from various types, most commonly Doctor of Education (Ed. D.) or Doctor of Philosophy (Ph. D.).

What is the difference between a bachelor's degree and a professional degree? ›

An academic degree concentrates on a major that prepares you for research-oriented work. A professional degree prepares graduates to work in a specific field, such as medicine, law, or pharmacy.

What is the first 4 years of college degree called? ›

The first four years of college are the undergraduate years, and a student studying for a bachelor's degree is called an undergraduate. The four years refer to the total accumulated credit hours; a student may take fewer or more than four years to attain their undergraduate degree.

What is a 7 year degree called? ›

Types of academic degrees
Academic degreeTypical completion time
Bachelor's degreeFour years
Master's degreeTwo years
Doctoral degreeFour years
Professional degreeBetween four and seven years
1 more row
Mar 16, 2023

How many years is a doctoral degree? ›

A doctorate degree typically takes four to six years to complete—however, this timing depends on the program design, the subject area you're studying, and the institution offering the program.

What comes after master's degree? ›

After earning a master's degree, the next step is a PhD, which entails both working and performing research at an institution. A PhD is an abbreviation for “Doctor of Philosophy.” It is the highest academic degree one can achieve. As such, it is a time-consuming pursuit that requires a lot of studying and research.

What IQ did Bach have? ›

165. That's the number music scholars and scientists have landed upon for their best guess as to J.S. Bach's IQ. While we can't measure exactly what Johann Sebastian Bach's IQ was, the IQ score that is widely accepted amongst studies is 165.

Why was Bach not popular? ›

After his death, Bach's reputation as a composer at first declined; his work was regarded as old-fashioned compared to the emerging galant style. Initially he was remembered more as a virtuoso player of the organ and as a teacher.

What is the number one easiest degree to get? ›

As the most popular college major since 1980, business encompasses a variety of sub-disciplines, such as finance, accounting, and marketing. It's also considered to be one of the easiest college majors. With a business degree, you could also work in fields like healthcare, human resources, or public administration.

What is the hardest degree to earn in college? ›

Top 15 Hardest College Majors Table of Contents
  • Chemistry.
  • Environmental Economics and Policy.
  • Environmental Earth Science.
  • American Studies.
  • Nuclear Engineering.
  • Energy Engineering.
  • Astrophysics.
  • Applied Mathematics.

What degree is worth going to college for? ›

STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math) degrees dominate the list of collegiate programs that lead to top-paying careers. While some bachelor's degrees in the humanities and social sciences don't typically offer high salaries, they can provide a foundation for a graduate degree and a more lucrative career.

What is the hardest degree to get a PhD in? ›

PhD in Theoretical Physics: For you to emerge a doctor of Theoretical Physics, you must have background knowledge of Mathematics and Physics. A qualitative amount of focus is also required of you so as to be able to imagine the warping of gravitational waves and space-time due to the gravitational field.

What is the hardest PhD degree? ›

What is the hardest PhD? 1. Boarded Medical Doctor: After spending about eight years to earn your first degree, you are faced with between three and six years of residency. This is the most competitive field in education which means you must have passed through a very rigorous process to earn this certificate.

Can PhD be called Doctor? ›

A doctoral degree (PhD) is a degree that one earns after a master's degree. A PhD entitles a person to use the title doctor.

What is the most majors in demand? ›

Some of the most in-demand majors include:
  1. Nursing. Nurses care for ill or injured patients and guide them through the recovery process. ...
  2. Culinary arts. ...
  3. Computer science. ...
  4. Business administration. ...
  5. Accounting. ...
  6. Physical therapy. ...
  7. Medical assisting. ...
  8. Mathematics and statistics.
Mar 10, 2023

What major has the lowest salary? ›

The lowest-paying college majors are in areas such as theology, social services, the performing arts, education, and leisure and hospitality, the data shows.

What is the highest paying career right now? ›

Highest-Paying Occupations
OCCUPATION2022 MEDIAN PAYPERCENTAGE INCREASE OVER NATIONAL MEDIAN
Chief Executives$189,520309.20%
Orthodontists$174,360276.50%
Computer and Information Systems Managers$164,070254.30%
Architectural and Engineering Managers$159,920245.30%
17 more rows

What are the 4 types of degrees? ›

There are generally four categories of college degrees: associate degree, bachelor's degree, graduate degree, and doctorate or professional degree. Each category comes with its own particular subcategories, and there are some subtle differences between a doctorate and a professional degree.

Can I get a PhD without a Masters? ›

Yes, it is possible to earn a PhD without a master's degree. Though the traditional path entails completing a master's program before embarking on a doctorate, some schools and programs offer options to skip the master's entirely. Actually, in select cases, it's the preferred approach.

Is it better to get a PhD or Masters? ›

A master's degree is designed to deepen career-oriented knowledge and skills. A doctorate degree is a heavily research-based degree, designed to develop critical research,analytical and writing skills in an effort to fill industry knowledge gaps.

What is 1 the difference between getting an associate's degree instead of a professional certificate? ›

In general, an associate degree encompasses a varied educational platform that requires courses specific to your degree concentration in addition to general education courses. Certificate degrees are extremely focused in their objective(s) and are related to a specific job or career niche.

Is a professional degree the same as a bachelor's degree? ›

Professional degrees may be either graduate or undergraduate entry, depending on the profession concerned and the country, and may be classified as bachelor's, master's, or doctoral degrees.

What is considered a professional degree? ›

A professional degree, also known as a first-professional degree, is a degree that prepares you for a particular career. The most common examples of professional degrees are law degrees (J.D.s) and medical degrees (M.D.s).

Can a certification replace a degree? ›

While certifications are a cost-effective option, degrees offer a more well-rounded education. If you're looking to further your knowledge in IT-related fields, there are two paths to take -- certifications and degrees. Both paths have benefits, but they are certainly not the same.

Is a certificate or AAS better? ›

For working adults who want to enter new careers or add training to an existing job, a certificate helps. But if you want to transfer credits to a four year bachelor's degree program, consider an associate's degree. Both programs work.

What is an example of a professional certificate? ›

The broadest type of certification is profession-wide, a type of certification that is portable to wherever the certified professional may work. For example, a Certified Public Accountant can practice as a CPA across the accounting profession. Other examples might include: CFA (Chartered Financial Analyst)

What is the primary purpose of a professional certification? ›

Professional certification shows consumers and potential employers that you are committed to your profession and are well-trained. It gives them confidence in your abilities and knowledge. Certification makes you more valuable to employers, so you can expect to earn more than someone without certification.

What is the value of a professional certificate? ›

Professional certifications are important for personal development and add credibility to your expertise. While continuing education and certification programs require an investment of time and resources, they also help provide recognition for your specialized knowledge or skill set.

How many years of college is a professional degree? ›

A professional degree helps students prepare for careers in specific fields, such as law, pharmacy, medicine, and education. The length of the programs vary and can span anywhere from one to five years, depending on the institution you attend.

What is higher than a professional degree? ›

While a doctorate is the highest education level, some fields may stop at a master's. The phrase "terminal degree" refers to the highest degree in a field. A professional degree is a type of graduate degree — often a doctorate — that prepares you for a professional career in fields like law and medicine.

Is a professional degree higher than a master's degree? ›

A professional degree is an advanced education designed to prepare you to work in a specific field, such as medicine or law. Similar to advanced academic degrees, like doctorates and certain master's, professional degrees are considered terminal degrees—or the highest degree you can achieve in an area.

What is a first-professional degree in college? ›

A first-professional degree is an award that requires completion of a program that meets the following criteria: (1) completion of the academic requirements to begin practice in the profession; (2) at least 2 years of college work prior to entering the program; and (3) a total of at least 6 academic years of college ...

What types of jobs you can get with a professional degree? ›

A professional degree can set you up to be a doctor, a lawyer, a social worker, an occupational therapist, a librarian, veterinarian, pharmacist, chiropractor, or osteopath—and plenty more lines of work require this type of education.

Do you have to have a degree to be considered a professional? ›

Because professional jobs generally require a college degree, many individuals working in these types of careers have the opportunity to earn more than individuals in nonprofessional careers. Still, an individual's earnings often depend on how many hours they work, their experience level and their career.

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