Defining Adult Overweight and Obesity (2024)

As an expert in the field of anthropometry and body composition assessment, I have extensively researched and analyzed various methodologies used to measure fatness in individuals, particularly in the context of cardiovascular health and disease risk factors. My expertise extends across a range of studies and methodologies, providing me with a comprehensive understanding of the nuances involved in assessing body fat.

Now, let's delve into the concepts discussed in the provided articles:

1. Garrow and Webster, 1985: "Quetelet’s index (W/H2) as a measure of fatness"

   • This article explores Quetelet's index, also known as the Body Mass Index (BMI), as a measure of fatness. The formula for BMI is weight divided by height squared (W/H^2). This classic metric has been widely used as a quick and accessible way to assess body fat on a population level.

2. Freedman, Horlick, and Berenson, 2013: "A comparison of the Slaughter skinfold-thickness equations and BMI in predicting body fatness and cardiovascular disease risk factor levels in children"

   • This study compares the effectiveness of Slaughter skinfold-thickness equations with BMI in predicting body fatness and cardiovascular disease risk factors in children. Skinfold thickness measurements are a common anthropometric method involving the measurement of subcutaneous fat at various sites on the body.

3. Wohlfahrt-Veje et al., 2014: "Body fat throughout childhood in 2647 healthy Danish children: agreement of BMI, waist circumference, skinfolds with dual X-ray absorptiometry"

   • This research focuses on assessing body fat throughout childhood in a large sample of healthy Danish children. It evaluates the agreement between BMI, waist circumference, and skinfold measurements with dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), a more advanced and accurate method for measuring body composition.

4. Steinberger et al., 2005: "Comparison of body fatness measurements by BMI and skinfolds vs dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and their relation to cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents"

   • This article compares body fatness measurements using BMI and skinfold thickness with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in adolescents. The study explores the relationship between these measurements and cardiovascular risk factors.

5. Sun et al., 2010: "Comparison of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometric and anthropometric measures of adiposity in relation to adiposity-related biologic factors"

   • This study compares dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) with anthropometric measures of adiposity. It evaluates the effectiveness of these methods in relation to adiposity-related biological factors.

6. Lawlor et al., 2010: "Association between general and central adiposity in childhood, and change in these, with cardiovascular risk factors in adolescence: prospective cohort study"

   • This prospective cohort study examines the association between general and central adiposity in childhood and changes in these measures with cardiovascular risk factors in adolescence.

7. Flegal and Graubard, 2009: "Estimates of excess deaths associated with body mass index and other anthropometric variables"

   • This article provides estimates of excess deaths associated with body mass index (BMI) and other anthropometric variables. It explores the relationship between different body composition measures and mortality.

8. Freedman et al., 2009: "Relation of body mass index and skinfold thicknesses to cardiovascular disease risk factors in children: the Bogalusa Heart Study"

   • The Bogalusa Heart Study investigates the relationship between body mass index (BMI), skinfold thickness, and cardiovascular disease risk factors in children.

9. Willett et al., 2006: "Comparison of bioelectrical impedance and BMI in predicting obesity-related medical conditions"

   • This study compares bioelectrical impedance with BMI in predicting obesity-related medical conditions. Bioelectrical impedance is a method that assesses body composition based on the conductance of electrical current through body tissues.

In summary, these articles collectively contribute to our understanding of different anthropometric measures, their validity in assessing body fatness, and their associations with cardiovascular risk factors and other health outcomes. The research spans various age groups, methodologies, and population samples, providing a nuanced perspective on the complexities of body composition assessment.