Nevada became the 36th state on October31, 1864, after telegraphing the Constitution of Nevada to the Congress days before the November 8 presidential election(the largest and costliest transmission ever by telegraph). Statehood wasrushed to help ensure three electoral votes for AbrahamLincoln's reelection and add to the Republican congressionalmajorities.Nevada became thesecond of two states added to the Union during the Civil War (the first beingWest Virginia) and became known as the “Battle Born State” as a result of whenit achieved statehood.
Prior to Europeancontact, Native Americans of the Paiute, Shoshone, and Washoe tribes inhabited the land comprising themodern state. The first Europeans to explore the region originated from Spain.They gave the region the name of Nevada (snowy) due to the snow whichcovered the mountains at winter. The area formed part of the Viceroyalty of NewSpain, becoming part of Mexico when that country gained independence in 1821.The United States acquired the territory in 1848 following its victory in the Mexican-American War,and the area was eventually incorporated as part of Utah Territory in 1850. The discovery of silverat the Comstock Lode in 1859led to a population boom that became an impetus to the creation of Nevada Territory out of western Utah Territory in1861
Nevada's harsh but rich environmentshaped its history and culture. Before 1858 small Mormon settlements along theUtah border sustained their communities through faith, but the secular westernsection stumbled along until the great silver strikes beginning in 1858 createdboom towns and fabulous fortunes. After the beginning of the 20th century,profits declined while Progressive reformers sought to curb rampagingcapitalism and its attendant miseries. They imagined a civilized Nevada ofuniversities, lofty idealism, and social reform. But an economic bust duringthe 1910s and disillusionment from failures at social reform and a populationdecline of nearly one-fourth meant that by 1920 Nevada had degenerated into a"beautiful desert of buried hopes.” The boom returned when big timegambling arrived in 1931, and with good transportation (especially toCalifornia metropolitan areas), the nation's easiest divorce laws, and a speculativeget-rich-quick spirit, Nevada had a boom-and-bust economy that was mostly boomuntil the worldwide financial crisis of 2008 revealed extravagant speculationin housing and casinos on an epic scale.
Nevada is largely desert and semiarid,much of it located within the Great Basin. Areassouth of the Great Basin are located within the Mojave Desert, while Lake Tahoe and the Sierra Nevadalie on the western edge. Nevada is also home to the Hoover Dam, which was the singlelargest public works project in the history of the United States, and LakeMead, the largest reservoir in the country.
Quick Facts About Nevada
Date of Statehood: October 31, 1864
Capital: Carson City
Population: 2,770,551 (2010)
Size: 7th largest state, 110,572 square miles
87% is federal or tribal land
17 counties, 27 recognized tribes
Nickname(s): Battle-Born State; Sagebrush State; Silver State
Motto: All for Our Country
Tree: Single-Leaf Piñon and Bristlecone Pine
Flower: Sagebrush
Bird: Mountain Bluebird
Temperatures: High:118F
Low: -50 F
InterestingFacts:Fourth most seismically active state in theU.S.
400,000 acres burn annually – Third highestin the U.S.
12of the world’s largest hotels are in Las Vegas
Nevada's 27 Recognized Tribes
- Duckwater Shoshone Tribe of the Duckwater Reservation, Nevada
- Ely Shoshone Tribe of Nevada
- Las Vegas Tribe of Paiute Indians of the Las Vegas Indian Colony, Nevada
- Lovelock Paiute Tribe of the Lovelock Indian Colony, Nevada
- Moapa Band of Paiute Indians of the Moapa River Indian Reservation, Nevada
- Paiute-Shoshone Tribe of the Fallon Reservation and Colony, Nevada
- Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribe of the Pyramid Lake Reservation, Nevada
- Reno-Sparks Indian Colony, Nevada
- Shoshone-Paiute Tribes of the Duck Valley Reservation, Nevada
- Te-Moak Tribe of Western Shoshone Indians of Nevada
Four constituent bands: - Summit Lake Paiute Tribe of Nevada
- Walker River Paiute Tribe of the Walker River Reservation, Nevada
- Winnemucca Indian Colony of Nevada
- Yerington Paiute Tribe of the Yerington Colony & Campbell Ranch, Nevada
- Yomba Shoshone Tribe of the Yomba Reservation, Nevada
Several states:
- Confederated Tribes of the Goshute Reservation, Nevada and Utah
- Fort Mojave Indian Tribe of Arizona, California & Nevada
- Fort McDermitt Paiute and Shoshone Tribes of the Fort McDermitt Indian Reservation, Nevada and Oregon
- Washoe Tribe of Nevada & California
- Carson Colony
- Dresslerville Colony
- Woodfords Community
- Stewart Community
- Washoe Ranches