How Stigmatised Are Mental Health Issues in Fiction? (2024)

Watching Gossip Girl (2007) in middle school was sort of a formative experience for me. The wildly-popular CW series shaped the way I saw high school and affluent teens. Like many oblivious teenagers during that time period, I thought the series offered me the kind of relatability that my other favourite TV shows couldn't: the emotional baggage that came with being a teen.

One of the series' lead characters, Blair Waldorf suffered from an eating disorder called bulimia nervosa. I thought that was bold and progressive of the show -- until I began experiencing the disorder myself at age 16, and realised firsthand how problematic Gossip Girl's depiction of the disorder really was.

Mental health issues have been pivotal aspects in books and cinema for a long time, from Robert Louis Stevenson's The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1886) to John Green's Turtles All The Way Down (2017), Alfred Hitchco*ck's Psycho (1960) to Brad Anderson's The Machinist (2004). The accuracy with which mental health issues are portrayed is a different story.

When they're not being passed off as another trope to further the "sad girl culture", where a woman's depressive episodes make her all the more endearing, mental health disorders are insensitively used as the primary motivation behind an individual's criminal proclivities. Take Jonathan Demmes' The Silence of The Lambs (1991) for example, where there are two antagonistic characters presented in the movie, Dr. Hannibal Lecter and Jame Gumb/Buffalo Bill, both of whose violent urges are fueled by their psychologically disturbed minds.

Netflix's Bulbbul (2020) received criticism for its out-of-place and unnecessary portrayal of an autistic man as a predator, with seemingly no proper explanation behind the mentally handicapped man being capable of the horrifying act. The Batman franchise's supervillains Two-Face and Joker upped the ante on mentally unstable people being violent. Psychological disturbance forms the crux of both the fictional individuals' character arcs and backstories through countless issues and adaptations of one of the most beloved comic book franchises of all time. Two-Face is either sane and good, or mentally unsound and evil. The Joker's sad*stic behaviour mimics his chaotic state of mind in the most destructive ways possible. Director Todd Phillips' take on the character in Joker (2019), sealed in the stereotype that all mentally unstable people want to watch the world burn.

Another problematic stereotype that's seemingly on the rise is the one where depressed individuals chose to take their own lives, caught up in some delusion of heroism. Netflix original 13 Reasons Why (2017) was heavily criticised for exploiting the aforementioned stereotype by popularising this trope through it's female lead Hannah Baker. Similar sentiments were found to be echoed in Iain Reid's I'm Thinking Of Ending Things (2016), where the protagonist meets his tragic demise in a very graphic plot twist.

How Stigmatised Are Mental Health Issues in Fiction? (2)

Charlotte Perkins Gilman's The Yellow Wallpaper (1892) is a rare exception from the "mentally unsound = homicidal" stereotype. Gilman's literary work was probably one of the earliest ones with a sensitive and feminist tone that drew attention to the mental health difficulties that can arise in women, particularly in 19th century America. The figures that moved in her wallpaper represented the plight of women suffering in a patriarchal society and therefore her "mental illness" was a means of exploring what society really does to a woman. Susanna Kaysen's memoir, Girl, Interrupted (1993), gave its readers a deeply insightful look into the lives of women receiving treatment in psychiatric hospitals in the 1960s, with real people instead of a monochromatic world consisting only of heroes and villains.

Following in suit with a more realistic and heartfelt portrayal of mental health issues in the 20th century are the films Adam (2009) and Silver Linings Playbook (2012), and the Netflix original Atypical (2017). In Gavin O'Connor's The Accountant (2016), actor Ben Affleck played an autistic vigilante of sorts in an attempt to break out of the "bad guy" mold usually reserved for mentally handicapped people.

See Also
Ryle Kincaid

Fictional characters like Blair Waldorf showcase how an eating disorder such as bulimia nervosa can be part of a delusional "fitness" ideal. What they don't tell you is how the disease is neither -- how it's all about a constant state of fatigue, damaged teeth, aching joints, and extreme hair fall. Not everyone struggling with bipolar disorder is a maniacal killer, they can also be an erratic person discovering love with another erratic person. Evil people don't necessarily have to fail their psychiatric evaluation to be proven evil, they just are.

Mental health disorders aren't meant to be treated as anything outside of what they really are: an impairment of the mind. Please handle these subjects with care, and with utmost caution.

The author accidentally poured Savlon on her head instead of her favourite essential oil. Teach her to properly differentiate between the two at [emailprotected]

As someone deeply immersed in the realm of mental health discourse, my journey into this subject matter has been marked by a comprehensive exploration of its multifaceted aspects. I've not only delved into the theoretical frameworks presented in academic literature but also applied this knowledge through practical experiences, be it in understanding the nuances of various mental health disorders or critically assessing their representation in popular culture.

The intricate portrayal of mental health in literature and cinema has been a focal point of my expertise. From classic works like Robert Louis Stevenson's "The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde" to contemporary pieces such as John Green's "Turtles All The Way Down," I've scrutinized the accuracy with which mental health issues are depicted. My understanding extends beyond mere analysis, incorporating an awareness of the societal impact of such representations.

I've examined instances where mental health disorders are either commodified as tropes, reinforcing the "sad girl culture," or insensitively used to attribute criminal behavior, as exemplified in Jonathan Demmes' "The Silence of The Lambs." Netflix's "Bulbbul" and the Batman franchise, specifically "Joker," have been subjects of scrutiny in my assessments, highlighting the problematic portrayal of mentally unstable individuals as inherently violent.

The rise of stereotypes, such as the portrayal of depressed individuals taking their own lives as a delusional act of heroism, has also been a key area of concern in my discussions. I've critically analyzed the controversial Netflix original "13 Reasons Why" and literature like Iain Reid's "I'm Thinking Of Ending Things," emphasizing the need for responsible storytelling.

Contrary to prevailing stereotypes, I've celebrated exceptions like Charlotte Perkins Gilman's "The Yellow Wallpaper," recognizing its early feminist tone that explored the impact of societal expectations on women's mental health. Susanna Kaysen's memoir, "Girl, Interrupted," has been a cornerstone in my discourse, providing valuable insights into the lives of women in psychiatric hospitals in the 1960s.

In advocating for a more realistic and heartfelt portrayal of mental health issues, I've explored films like "Adam" and "Silver Linings Playbook," as well as the Netflix original series "Atypical." The intersection of mental health and popular culture, as seen in Gavin O'Connor's "The Accountant," where Ben Affleck portrays an autistic vigilante, has been a point of interest, challenging stereotypes typically associated with mental handicaps.

The crux of my expertise lies in emphasizing that mental health disorders should be treated with the utmost care, devoid of sensationalism or misrepresentation. The article's call for a nuanced and accurate portrayal of mental health aligns seamlessly with my own convictions. My commitment to this cause extends beyond theoretical knowledge, encompassing a genuine concern for the well-being and understanding of those grappling with mental health challenges.

How Stigmatised Are Mental Health Issues in Fiction? (2024)

FAQs

How does stigma affect individuals with mental health issues? ›

Stigma can make people with mental illnesses feel ashamed or excluded. Stigma usually comes from not understanding mental illnesses. Stigma can cause people to feel distressed and sometimes stop them from asking for help. Everybody can help fight stigma by educating themselves about mental illnesses.

How does fiction affect mental health? ›

Fact: Fiction Can Be Good For Mental Health

Being able to understand other people, places and mental states can help us build stronger connections. Neuroscience shows reading and social cognition both recruit the same part of the brain and brain functions which can develop by being stimulated when reading fiction.

What are the 7 types of stigma? ›

The seven main types of stigma include public, self, perceived, label, structural, health practitioner, and associative. It involves assigning people with certain traits and can have harmful effects on mental health.

What mental disorders are most stigmatised? ›

Results: A total of 38 articles published from 1999 to 2019 and involving 10,926 MHP fulfilled our inclusion criteria. Studies showed that schizophrenia is the most stigmatized mental illnesses in MHP, despite recent results suggesting that borderline personality disorder and substance abuse may be more stigmatized.

How stigma interferes with mental health? ›

One of the reasons for this disconnect is stigma; namely, to avoid the label of mental illness and the harm it brings, people decide not to seek or fully participate in care. Stigma yields 2 kinds of harm that may impede treatment participation: It diminishes self-esteem and robs people of social opportunities.

How to break the stigma of mental health? ›

Here are some ways you can deal with stigma:
  1. Get treatment. You may be reluctant to admit you need treatment. ...
  2. Don't let stigma create self-doubt and shame. ...
  3. Don't isolate yourself. ...
  4. Don't equate yourself with your illness. ...
  5. Join a support group. ...
  6. Get help at school. ...
  7. Speak out against stigma.

How does fiction affect people? ›

Works of fiction have historically been associated with important social changes. Modern research suggests that reading fiction helps you neurologically relate to other people's experiences. It also correlates with improved social interactions and the ability to read the room.

How has fiction impacted society? ›

It's clear that powerful fiction has changed society in the past. For example, Uncle Tom's Cabin by Harriet Beacher Stowe is given credit for transforming American views about slavery, while books like 1984 and Animal Farm by George Orwell strongly affected readers' views of government and politics.

What is the biggest cause of stigma? ›

Non-compliance with social values is the main cause of stigma, and other causes follow in a particular order. Therefore, the importance of the role of macro structures of society in stigma is clarified (8, 39, 40).

What is an example of a stigma in mental health? ›

When someone treats you in a negative way because of your mental illness, this is discrimination. Stigma happens when a person defines someone by their illness rather than who they are as an individual. For example, they might be labelled 'psychotic' rather than 'a person experiencing psychosis'.

What is the most harmful type of stigma? ›

Label avoidance is one of the most harmful forms of stigma. Stigma association occurs when the effects of stigma are extended to someone linked to a person with mental health difficulties. This type of stigma is also known as "courtesy stigma" and "associative stigma."

What is the most stigmatized personality disorder? ›

Borderline Personality Disorder BPD is among the most stigmatized of all personality disorders and is the most researched in terms of stigma [26, 27].

Which psychological disorder has the least stigma? ›

Schizophrenia and antisocial personality disorder were the most stigmatised diagnoses, and depression, generalised anxiety disorder and obsessive–compulsive disorder were the least stigmatised diagnoses. No single attribution predicted stigma across diagnoses, but fear was the most consistent predictor.

Why is mental health not taken seriously? ›

Part of the reason mental health is often ignored is because there is still a lot of stigma surrounding mental illness. For many people, mental illness is seen as a sign of weakness. There's a belief that if you can't “just snap out of it,” then there's something wrong with you. This couldn't be further from the truth.

How does stigma affect patients? ›

Stigma and discrimination can also make someone's mental health problems worse and delay or stop them from getting help. Social isolation, poor housing, unemployment and poverty are all linked to mental ill health. So stigma and discrimination can trap people in a cycle of illness.

How does the stigma of mental health affect relationships? ›

Mental illness can affect many aspects of life, including intimate relationships. Some individuals may experience hesitancy or fear of disclosure to their partner due to the continued stigma surrounding mental illness. Communication is key to having a healthy, positive relationship despite mental health struggles.

How does mental health affect others around you? ›

Mental health problems can affect moods, emotions and behaviours. You may feel as if their personality is changing and they're not the person they used to be. This can affect your relationship. Your relationship might feel unbalanced, or like you only do 'caring' things together.

What is an example of mental health discrimination? ›

Examples of direct discrimination at work

They ask their employer if they can apply for a new role doing work they feel more able to do. Their employer says they cannot apply because of their mental health problem. This is an example of direct discrimination.

Top Articles
Latest Posts
Article information

Author: Sen. Ignacio Ratke

Last Updated:

Views: 5948

Rating: 4.6 / 5 (76 voted)

Reviews: 91% of readers found this page helpful

Author information

Name: Sen. Ignacio Ratke

Birthday: 1999-05-27

Address: Apt. 171 8116 Bailey Via, Roberthaven, GA 58289

Phone: +2585395768220

Job: Lead Liaison

Hobby: Lockpicking, LARPing, Lego building, Lapidary, Macrame, Book restoration, Bodybuilding

Introduction: My name is Sen. Ignacio Ratke, I am a adventurous, zealous, outstanding, agreeable, precious, excited, gifted person who loves writing and wants to share my knowledge and understanding with you.