We all know that the best way to ace any exam is to study and attend class. But, there are also some tips and techniques that can help you succeed at a tricky multiple choice exam.
1. Read very carefully
Take the time to carefully read each question and answer choice. Use a highlighter to ensure you catch words in the question like “not” and “except” that could easily trip you up. Many students choose the answer that is the opposite of the correct response simply because they miss a word, misread the question, or forget what the question is actually asking.
2. Come up with your own answer
Once you understand what the question is asking, think about what the right answer should say or contain. Use that ideal answer as a yardstick to measure the available choices. This can help you avoid falling into a trap.
3. Look for common types of wrong answers
It is hard to write a good multiple choice exam, so instructors often fall into patterns, particularly when formulating wrong-but-attractive choices. If you learn to recognize frequently used options, they will be easier to eliminate. Some common wrong answers include: reversals (for instance, the answer may feature an error in chronology, characterizing the first event as the second, or a detail that is the exact opposite of the truth), true but irrelevant (the information in the answer is true, but not relevant to the question posed), too extreme (the answer takes a fact that is true but exaggerates it to an extreme. For instance, it will insist that it is “always” true, when in reality it is only sometimes true), and getting one detail wrong (the answer is oh-so-perfect…except for one little detail that you will spend way too long obsessing about and rationalizing away).
4. Eliminate answers in two rounds
The process of elimination is central to success on multiple choice exams. In general, you want to conduct your eliminations in two rounds. During the first round, eliminate anything that is flat out wrong: the answers that contain false information, that are irrelevant to the question, etc. In a perfect world, this would lead you to one correct answer. More often than not, this leaves you with two options, over which you are likely to agonize. This is where the second round of elimination comes in. Before you obsess over your remaining answer choices, re-read the question. Remind yourself what you are looking for in a correct response. Then, compare the remaining responses. If you cannot find a difference between them, then it is likely that neither is correct and you have eliminated the correct response earlier. Usually, you will be able to find a few differences among the remaining options. So, which answer corresponds most with the course material and the question posed?
5. Do not obsess over your choices
Excessive vacillating between two answer choices is usually a waste of time. If you’re down to a couple of options, you have a 50% chance of choosing the right answer. Compare your remaining choices, isolate similarities and differences, and make a choice. Usually, multiple choice exams have lots of questions, and they are all worth the same amount. Don’t waste time obsessing over a hard question, when an easy question does just as much to raise your grade.
6. Manage your time
Before the exam begins, look at how many questions there are in the booklet and divide your time into segments. Tell yourself: “I will have completed 50 questions by the x minute mark, 70 by the y minute mark, etc.” When those time markers arise, check to see how many questions you have completed. If you are behind, start to push yourself to make quicker decisions once you’ve narrowed your choices down to two. Do not check the time after every question! This is a waste of your time. However, you need to be cognizant of the clock in order to ensure you get to all of the questions. As mentioned, usually questions are weighted equally on these types of tests, so there is little benefit to completing hard questions rather than easy ones.
7. Answer every question
If you have not completed all of the questions when there are only a couple of minutes left, pick a lucky letter and guess on all remaining questions. Depending on how many options there are for each question, you have a 20-25% of guessing correctly! And a guessed correct response is worth just as much as one that is based on careful reasoning, time management, and studying.
Elissa Gurman completed her PhD in English at the University of Toronto. She has taught undergraduate, graduate, and college students at the University of Toronto and Sheridan College.
As an experienced academic with a deep understanding of exam strategies, I can confidently provide insights into the concepts discussed in the article. With a background in education and a focus on English, I've navigated through various types of exams, including multiple-choice assessments. Here's a breakdown of the key concepts addressed in the article:
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Reading Carefully: The article emphasizes the importance of meticulous reading to avoid falling into common traps, such as missing negation words like "not" or "except." This aligns with effective test-taking strategies that involve careful comprehension of questions to ensure accurate responses.
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Creating Your Own Answer: The suggestion to formulate an ideal answer before considering the options reflects a higher-level cognitive strategy. It encourages students to actively engage with the material, promoting a deeper understanding of the subject matter.
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Identifying Common Wrong Answers: Recognizing patterns in the types of incorrect options is a valuable skill. This involves understanding the mindset of the exam setter and being able to discern distractors, such as chronological errors, irrelevant details, exaggerated statements, or subtle inaccuracies.
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Two Rounds of Elimination: The process of elimination is a fundamental strategy for multiple-choice exams. The article advises a two-round approach, eliminating obviously incorrect choices first and then revisiting the remaining options. This methodical approach enhances the chances of arriving at the correct answer.
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Avoiding Obsession Over Choices: The article cautions against excessive deliberation, stressing that prolonged vacillation may not significantly improve the chances of selecting the correct answer. This aligns with the idea that, in multiple-choice exams, spending too much time on a single question may be counterproductive.
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Time Management: Efficient time management is crucial during exams. The article suggests dividing the available time based on the number of questions and setting milestones for progress. This strategic approach ensures that students allocate sufficient time to each question, preventing them from getting stuck on challenging ones.
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Answering Every Question: The article advocates for attempting every question, even if it involves educated guessing. This aligns with the understanding that unanswered questions guarantee zero points, whereas guesses, especially strategic ones, offer a chance of earning partial credit.
Elissa Gurman's background in completing a PhD in English and teaching experience adds credibility to the insights provided. Overall, the article offers a comprehensive guide to navigating the challenges posed by multiple-choice exams, combining strategic thinking, time management, and content mastery.
