Indigenous peoples and communities (2024)

"Indigenous peoples" is a collective name for the original peoples of North America and their descendants. Sometimes the term "Aboriginal peoples" is also used.

The Canadian Constitution recognizes 3 groups of Indigenous peoples: Indians (more commonly referred to as First Nations), Inuit and Métis. These are 3 distinct peoples with unique histories, languages, cultural practices and spiritual beliefs.

More than 1.8 million people in Canada identify themselves as an Indigenous person, according to the 2021 Census, which represents 5% of Canada’s total population.

Indigenous peoples are:

  • the fastest growing population in Canada – grew by 9.4% between 2016 and 2021
  • the youngest population in Canada – about 28% were under the age of 25 in 2021

Services and information

First Nations

Find out more about First Nations communities in Canada.

Inuit

Learn about Inuit, the Indigenous people of the Arctic.

Métis

Find out more about Métis communities in Canada.

Indigenous arts, culture and heritage

Learn about the Indigenous arts, culture and heritage that are woven into the fabric of our country.

Map room

Find a map or geospatial dataset about Indigenous communities or the North.

Renewing the relationship: Key documents

Consult the Truth and Reconciliation Commission's report, the Report of the Royal Commission of Aboriginal Peoples, and more.

Governance

Learn about support for strong, effective and sustainable governments in First Nation communities.

Feature stories

Find out more about community-driven projects to improve the lives of Indigenous and Northern individuals, families and communities.

Kumik Elder Lodge

Find out how federal employees in the National Capital Region can learn directly from Indigenous Elders through teachings, guidance and advice.

Related links

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Indigenous peoples and communities (2024)

FAQs

Indigenous peoples and communities? ›

Indigenous peoples and local communities (IPLCs) are, typically, ethnic groups who are descended from and identify with the original inhabitants of a given region, in contrast to groups that have settled, occupied or colonized the area more recently.

What is an example of an indigenous community? ›

Among the indigenous peoples are those of the Americas (for example, the Lakota in the USA, the Mayas in Guatemala or the Aymaras in Bolivia), the Inuit and Aleutians of the circumpolar region, the Saami of northern Europe, the Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders of Australia and the Maori of New Zealand.

What is the definition of an indigenous community? ›

Definition: A discrete Indigenous community refers to a geographic location, bound by physical or cadastral (legal) boundaries, and inhabited or intended to be inhabited by predominantly Indigenous people, with housing or infrastructure that is either owned or managed on a community basis.

What is the Indigenous understanding of community? ›

Community is a pillar of identity for Indigenous Peoples — it is coming together for ceremony, for mourning, for celebration, for gratitude, for harvest, for support, for everything.

Why are indigenous communities important? ›

Their sophisticated knowledge of the natural world means that where Indigenous Peoples have control of the land, forests and biodiversity flourish. Their sustainable land use fights climate change and builds resilience to natural disasters.

Who are considered indigenous people? ›

Who are Indigenous peoples? Indigenous peoples are the descendants of the peoples who inhabited the Americas, the Pacific, and parts of Asia and Africa prior to European colonization. Indigenous peoples continue to thrive throughout the world today.

What is the difference between indigenous people and local communities? ›

local communities are make up of group of people living together who may not originally from that locality. indigenous people are people who are originally from a particular locality.

How is a person classified as Indigenous? ›

Indigenous Peoples are distinct social and cultural groups that share collective ancestral ties to the lands and natural resources where they live, occupy or from which they have been displaced.

What are three words to describe indigenous people? ›

indigenous
  • aboriginal.
  • native.
  • original.

Can I say Indigenous community? ›

Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders

To refer to the entire Indigenous community, or if you don't know someone's clan, use terms like 'Aboriginal Australians', 'Indigenous Australians', 'Aboriginal people', 'Torres Strait Islanders' or 'First Australians'.

What are the rights of indigenous people and local communities? ›

Indigenous peoples have the right to maintain and strengthen their distinctive spiritual relationship with their traditionally owned or occupied and used lands, territories, waters and coastal seas and other resources (Article 25)

What can we learn from indigenous communities? ›

5 lessons our selfish society could learn from tribal and Indigenous peoples
  • Money isn't the key to happiness. ...
  • Spend less time working and more time with family and friends. ...
  • Grow strong relationships with your community. ...
  • Give what you can spare to others who are in need. ...
  • Prioritize peace and equality.

How do you explain Indigenous? ›

“Indigenous” describes any group of people native to a specific region.

What do indigenous people want? ›

For Indigenous Peoples, the return to self-government is considered foundational to nation-building. Agreements are critical to communities that want to contribute to and participate in the decisions that affect their lives.

Why do we need to respect Indigenous Peoples? ›

Indigenous peoples have rich and ancient cultures and view their social, economic, environmental and spiritual systems as interdependent. They make valuable contributions to the world's heritage thanks to their traditional knowledge and their understanding of ecosystem management.

How to support indigenous communities? ›

Seven ways to support Indigenous Peoples
  1. Donate to Indigenous organizations. ...
  2. Educate yourself about Indigenous cultures. ...
  3. Shop from Indigenous-founded businesses. ...
  4. Attend Indigenous events, seminars, and workshops. ...
  5. Volunteer or intern with Indigenous organizations. ...
  6. Support Indigenous rights public policy.
Dec 23, 2021

What is an example of an indigenous community AP human Geography? ›

In the United States, Native Americans, Alaska Natives, and Native Hawaiians are all considered indigenous peoples and comprise about 1-2% of the population. In Canada, the indigenous groups include First Nations, Inuit, and Métis peoples.

What are the indigenous communities of USA? ›

Perhaps the best-known indigenous peoples originally from this region are the Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, and Seminole, sometimes referred to as the Five Civilized Tribes. Other prominent tribes included the Natchez, Caddo, Apalachee, Timucua, and Guale.

What is an example of an indigenous nation? ›

Aboriginal peoples may choose to identify with their language groups and traditional country, for example, Gunditjamara people are the traditional custodians of western Victoria, the Gadigal people of the Eora nation are from Sydney, and the Yawuru people are the traditional custodians of Broome in Western Australia.

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