Legal definitions (2024)

  • Charity
  • Controller
  • Data Protection Officer
  • Data subject
  • Financial year
  • Member of staff
  • Personal data
  • Processing
  • Processor
  • Public authority
  • Small occupational pension scheme
  • Turnover

Charity

In England and Wales, ‘charity’ has the meaning given in section 1 of the Charities Act 2011. In Scotland, it means a body entered in the Scottish Charity register maintained under section 3 of the Charity and Trustee Investment (Scotland) Act 2005. In Northern Ireland, it has the meaning given in section 1 of the Charities Act (Northern Ireland) 2008.

Controller

A person, public authority, agency or other body which, alone or jointly with others, determines the purposes and means of the processing of personal data. Only controllers need to pay the data protection fee.

Data Protection Officer

Under the GDPR, some organisations need to appoint a Data Protection Officer (DPO) who is responsible for informing them of and advising them about their data protection obligations and monitoring their compliance with them.

Data subject

The identified or identifiable living individual to whom personal data relates.

Financial year

A controller’s financial year regarding a company is determined in accordance with section 390 of the Companies Act 2006; regarding a limited liability partnership is determined in accordance with section 390 of the Companies Act 2006, as applied by regulation 7 of the Limited Liability Partnerships (Accounts and Audit) (Application of Companies Act 2006) Regulations 2008; and regarding any other case, it means the period, covering 12 consecutive months, over which a controller determines income and expenditure.

Member of staff

Any employee, worker (within the meaning given in section 296 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992) office holder or partner.

Personal data

Any information relating to a person (a ‘data subject’) who can be identified, directly or indirectly, in particular by reference to an identifier such as a name, an identification number, location data, an online identifier or to one or more factors specific to the physical, physiological, genetic, mental, economic, cultural or social identity of that person.

Processing

In relation to personal data, means any operation or set of operations which is performed on personal data or on sets of personal data (whether or not by automated means, such as collection, recording, organisation, structuring, storage, alteration, retrieval, consultation, use, disclosure, dissemination, restriction, erasure or destruction).

Processor

A person, public authority, agency or other body which processes personal data on behalf of the controller.

Public authority

Means a public authority as defined by the Freedom of Information Act 2000 or a Scottish public authority as defined by the Freedom of Information (Scotland) Act 2002.

Small occupational pension scheme

Has the meaning given in regulation 4 of the Occupational and Personal Pension Schemes (Consultation by Employers and Miscellaneous Amendment) Regulations 2006.

Turnover

Regarding a company, turnover has the meaning given in section 474 of the Companies Act 2006; regarding a limited liability partnership, it is determined in accordance with section 474 of the Companies Act 2006, as applied by regulation 32 of the Limited Liability Partnerships (Accounts and Audit) (Application of Companies Act 2006) Regulations 2008; and regarding any other case, it means the amounts derived by the controller from the provision of goods and services falling within the controller’s ordinary activities, after deduction of trade discounts, value added tax and any other taxes based on the amounts so derived.

Legal definitions (2024)

FAQs

What is the legal definition of an answer? ›

In law, an answer refers to a defendant's first formal written statement to a plaintiff's initial petition or complaint. This opening written statement will admit or deny the allegations, or demand more information about the claims of wrongdoing.

Where can I find legal definitions? ›

The two most commonly used legal dictionaries are Black's Law Dictionary and Ballentine's Law Dictionary. Print copies of Black's are located on dictionary stands on the fourth and fifth floors. For online access: Black's Law Dictionary (Westlaw)

What is the legal term for not enough evidence? ›

Insufficient evidence is the evidence which fails to meet the burden of proof and is inadequate to prove a fact.

What is the difference between answer and reply in law? ›

A Reply is important if either: the defendant has raised new allegations of fact; or. the defendant has filed a counterclaim against you (the response to a counterclaim is called an answer).

What is the rule of law answer? ›

Rule of law is a principle under which all persons, institutions, and entities are accountable to laws that are: Publicly promulgated. Equally enforced. Independently adjudicated. And consistent with international human rights principles.

What is the legal definition of respond? ›

RESPOND Definition & Legal Meaning

1. To make or file an answer to a bill, libel, or appeal, in tbe character of a respondent, (q. v.) 2. To be liable or answerable; to make satisfaction or amends; as, to “respond in damages.”

What is the best online legal dictionary? ›

The FindLaw Legal Dictionary -- free access to over 8273 definitions of legal terms. Search for a definition or ... Lectric Law Library's Dictionary https://www.lectlaw.com/def.htm This is what many consider the Net's best law dictionary.

What is the most reliable law dictionary? ›

Black's Law Dictionary is the most commonly used law dictionary in the United States.

What does "voir dire" mean literally? ›

The phrase "Voir Dire" literally means, "to speak the truth." In court, it refers to a process of determining whether a juror can serve fairly and impartially in a given case by asking the juror various questions.

What is the corpus delicti rule? ›

Corpus delicti means the “body of the crime” and is a common law concept taught to all law school students that a court can't convict a defendant without sufficient proof that is independent of their confession or admission that the crime occurred, as defined under California Criminal Jury Instructions (CALCRIM 359).

What are the three burdens of proof? ›

The burden of proof is a legal standard that requires parties to provide evidence to demonstrate that a claim is valid. Three levels of the burden of proof, "beyond a reasonable doubt," a "preponderance of the evidence," and "clear and convincing" determine the level of evidence required for a claim.

What is evidence without proof called? ›

Circ*mstantial evidence implies a fact or event without actually proving it. The more circ*mstantial evidence there is, the greater weight it carries.

What is the legal definition for reply? ›

Legal Definition

reply. noun. re·​ply. : a plaintiff's or complainant's response to a plea, allegation, or counterclaim in the defendant's answer.

What is the right to reply rule? ›

The right of reply or right of correction generally means the right to defend oneself against public criticism in the same venue where it was published. In some countries, such as Brazil, it is a legal or even constitutional right.

What is an answer called in court? ›

Normally a defendant has 30 days in which to file an answer after being served with the plaintiff's complaint. In some courts, an answer is called a "response."

What is the difference between complaint and answer? ›

The defendant's response to a complaint is called the answer. The answer contains the defendant's version of the events leading to the lawsuit and may be based on the contents of the complaint. The filing of the answer is one option that the defendant has in deciding how to respond to the complaint.

What is the legal term for response? ›

reply n. : a plaintiff's or complainant's response to a plea, allegation, or counterclaim in the defendant's answer.

What goes into an answer? ›

An answer is a formal written response to the plaintiff's complaint in which the defendant responds to all of the allegations in the complaint and sets forth any defenses to all or part of plaintiff's claims. An answer is filed by the defendant after s/he has been served with a copy of the complaint.

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