Root Cellar - A Great, Self-Reliant Investment (2024)

A root cellar is one of the ultimate tools of self-sufficiency. Once you learn basic gardening tools and start getting good-sized produce, building your own underground storehouse will help you keep that produce fresh for several months.

A cellar that is properly built will enable you to enjoy last fall's harvest of apples in April or May as well as keep your potatoes, carrots and other vegetables fresh during the long winter months.

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How Does it Work?

The cold, moist air a properly built cellar provides helps keeps fruits and vegetables fresh longer, sometimes for months.

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How Much Does it Cost?

That depends on where you live and how much the materials will cost in your area.

For an eight-foot by ten-foot cellar, you will need the services of a backhoe (or a sharp shovel and a strong back), about 550 concrete blocks, gravel, and cement.

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Things to Consider

According to Mike and Nancy Bubel, authors of the excellent book, Root Cellaring, there are five crucial things when building a root cellar, including, but not limited to, temperature, humidity and proper ventilation.

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This book is a must-have if you plan on storing your fresh produce or building a root cellar.

The Right Temperature

To keep your vegetables fresh, you will need a place you can get cold. A root cellar is designed to borrow cold from the ground as well as from the cold night air. You will need a thermometer to keep track of the temperature, as well as an air duct that you can open on cold nights to borrow the cold and close on warmer days. 



To keep your cellar cold, you can also add double doors to form an airlock. This will also help keep your cellar from becoming too cold during severe winter weather. For best storage, your cellar should be between 32 and 40 degrees Fahrenheit.

Proper Humidity

High humidity in your cellar will keep the root crops and leafy vegetables from shriveling. Make sure your cellar has dirt or gravel, rather than a concrete floor to help increase humidity. You can also pack your vegetables in sand or spread damp burlap bags over your produce, as well as set pans of water on the floor to preserve the moisture.



A hygrometer will help you measure the humidity in your cellar. The best humidity is between 90 and 95 percent. 

And while you want your root cellar to be humid, you don't want water to get on your vegetables, or they'll rot.

To cut back on the possibility of condensation, keep your root cellar smooth. Don't put beams on your ceiling because they will trap the warm air and increase the chances of condensation.

Good Ventilation

Ventilation can both bring in the cool night air and remove the warm air along with excess humidity. It also helps remove vegetable odors and the ethylene gas given off by stored fruits. For best circulation, have your cool air intake coming in low to the floor, and your warm air outtake vent up high and on the opposite side of the room. Screen the exterior openings to keep rodents out. 



Make sure your storage shelves in your root cellar don't touch the walls. Having space between your shelves and the wall will allow the cooler air to circulate around your food, keeping it cooler.

A Convenient Spot

If you live in an area where the winters are harsh, you might want to have your cellar under your house so you can get to your vegetables without going outside. Make it fairly easy to get into. Also provide a source of artificial light, such as a light bulb that you can turn off when you're done. Too much light will deteriorate your vegetables and encourage sprouting.

A Root Cellar Needs Good Drainage

If you are building your cellar, the best choice will be a dirt floor with about three inches of gravel. In the center of the floor install a perforated drainage pipe to carry off any excess water.

Shelving

Make your shelves out of nontoxic material, such as wood that has not been treated. Pine boards will work, but be aware they will rot in the high humidity within 5-6 years. Oak or cedar are your best choices for making the shelves.

Storing Your Food

Store your food in either slatted crates or baskets. Crates will make better use of your space.

Related article: How to store your garden produce.

Or Consider a Poor Man's Root Cellar

If you can't afford a full-sized root cellar, you can make a poor man's root cellar using a steel trash can. Drill holes in the bottom of the steel can for drainage. Then dig a hole that is the depth of the can. Place gravel in the bottom of the can. Use it to store root vegetables, such as carrots. Watch the following video for more information.

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Root Cellar - A Great, Self-Reliant Investment (2024)

FAQs

Is it worth building a root cellar? ›

Building a homestead root cellar is an investment of time and money, but, particularly if you live in a colder climate, a worthwhile one. We saved hundreds, if not thousands of dollars by planning and planting a root cellar garden and storing food for the winter, rather than purchasing it from the grocery store.

How long will potatoes last in a root cellar? ›

With a good in-ground root cellar, potatoes can be stored for 5-8 months. As a sustainable alternative to refrigerated or electrically cooled storage for crops needing cool damp conditions, traditional root cellars are a good option.

How much does it cost to build a root cellar? ›

Normal range: $2,600 - $11,500. Building a root cellar will cost about $7,000 or between $2,600 and $11,500 based on its placement, size, and your region.

What are the benefits of a root cellar? ›

Root cellars remain cool in summer but warm enough in winter to keep foods from freezing. Aside from temperature regulation, root cellars keep light levels low and humidity levels high, which extends the shelf life of many homegrown fruits and vegetables.

What is an alternative to a root cellar? ›

Some good options to consider include: Under basem*nt steps, especially those leading from the basem*nt to an attached garage; In an extra room with the heating vents closed (where plumbing is not dependent on the vents to keep from freezing);

How deep underground should a root cellar be? ›

Underground root cellars should be at least 10 feet deep with 10 feet of space around the perimeters for most projects. Root cellars in colder climates need to be under the permafrost level or your produce might freeze.

How do you ventilate a root cellar? ›

To do so, we made another hole near the top of the root cellar ceiling to evacuate warm air from the cellar. This hole is on an interior wall and covered with a vent. Cold air is heavier than warmer air, so cooler air will flow inward and downward from the outside and force warmer air out the top vent.

How long will onions last in a root cellar? ›

Vegetable storage chart
VegetableIdeal temperatureHow long will they keep?
Onions0°C - 5°C (32°F - 40°F) Cool28 weeks
Garlic0°C - 16°C (32°F - 60°F) Cool24 - 32 weeks
Potato3°C - 5°C (38°F - 40°F) Cool24 - 26 weeks
Brussels sprouts0°C (32°F) Cold but not frozen4 weeks
11 more rows
Apr 6, 2021

Can you store cucumbers in a root cellar? ›

Thin skin produce, including beets, kohlrabi, turnips, carrots, parsnips, radishes and cucumbers, is harvested leaving a ½-inch stem and stored to retain moisture. This can be done with packing material or perforated plastic bags. Layer vegetables in packing materials such as moist sawdust, sand and peat moss.

What is an inexpensive root cellar? ›

A simple, inexpensive way to store small quantities of vegetables is to use a trash can as a root cellar. You will need to dig a hole deep enough to fit nearly the entire trash can. Buy a galvanized steel trash can and drill holes into the bottom of it (to allow moisture from the surrounding soil into the can).

What is the best floor for a root cellar? ›

For outdoor root cellars, packed earth is the preferred flooring. Concrete works well and is practical for a cellar in a basem*nt. Every root cellar needs a thermometer and a hygrometer (to measure temperature and humidity, respectively), which should be checked daily, if possible.

Do you need planning permission for a root cellar? ›

Whether you need planning permission to build a cellar depends on the specification. If you are renovating your existing cellar which is currently just full of dust and cobwebs, you may not need planning because you simply give it a 'change of use.

Do garbage can root cellars work? ›

Make Your Own Root Cellar — With a Trash Can

Here's a homemade, inexpensive, and (once the hole is dug) easy way to store root crops. Potatoes, carrots, parsnips, kohlrabi, turnips, rutabagas and beets are excellent candidates for this type of storage.

Does a shipping container make a good root cellar? ›

Using a shipping container as a storm shelter or root cellar is a great cost-effective way to build either of these structures. Shipping containers are sturdy and structurally sound at all four corners and can support a significant amount of weight on top.

Where is the best place to build a root cellar? ›

First, you'll need to choose a location that provides the ideal conditions for root cellar storage. This location should have a cool, consistent temperature and high humidity. Additionally, it should be well-ventilated to prevent the buildup of ethylene gas, which can cause produce to spoil faster.

Do people still build root cellars? ›

Although root cellars have been used since pre-historic times, people these days are renovating their homes or building new root cellars from scratch. There are three main types of root cellars, plus several methods of preserving produce right in the garden over winter with no cellar at all.

Do people still use root cellars? ›

With modern refrigeration, root cellars seemed obsolete. However, with a renewed interest in gardening, food security, and even sustainable living, root cellars have returned! Here are some advantages of storing root vegetables in a root cellar and a look at a few types of root cellars.

Is a root cellar better than a refrigerator? ›

While you might not be able to preserve meat, a root cellar or cold room offers a cool enough temperature to preserve most types of produce, cool your wine, and keep fruit fresh and crisp. In cooler zones, you might even be able to keep milk, yogurt, and cheese for several days before they begin to go sour.

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