Secret Found: What Makes Food Look Tasty (2024)

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Secret Found: What Makes Food Look Tasty (1)

A hormone that makes people eat more works by causing food to look tastier.

This natural molecule, named ghrelin, actually improves perception and memory when it comes to food.

"When you go to the supermarket hungry, every food looks better," said researcher Alain Dagher, a neurologist at McGill University in Montreal. "Now, we've found that it is ghrelin that acts on the brain to make food more appealing."

This hormone is secreted in the gut. Scientists already knew that ghrelin levels rise and fall before and after meals, suggesting that it causes hunger and encourages eating. Prior studies had also shown ghrelin seemed to have widespread effects on the brain as well.

Mmm!

To find out more about what effects this hormone had on the brain, 20 volunteers were scanned as they looked at images of either food or scenery. Twelve participants received ghrelin injections, while the others were told they were given the hormone but were not.

After infusions of ghrelin, the brains of volunteers responded more strongly to pictures of food. They actually got better at recognizing these images. "People actually see them better," Dagher said.

The hormone also influenced memory. "People remembered the food pictures better when ghrelin was high," Dagher added.

This hormonal response makes sense for our species as a whole — it could help starving people eat food they might not otherwise consider appetizing. In times of plenty, however, ghrelin could help contribute to obesity and related diseases.

"Obesity must be understood as a brain disease," Dagher told LiveScience. "Obese people eat too much, and this is likely due largely to excess hunger."

Therapies that disrupt these effects of ghrelin could help fight obesity, the researchers conjectured. However, such treatments might come with unwanted side effects on mood, since they would target the brain's pleasure centers, Dagher said.

"Many drug companies are currently developing ghrelin-blocking drugs as obesity treatments," Dagher said. "However, we show that ghrelin acts on brain areas involved in emotion and motivation. A drug that suppresses this brain system runs the risk of causing depressed mood. There is a risk of side effects."

Addicted

The parts of the brain linked to ghrelin are also those involved in drug addiction.

"One theory is that addictive drugs act on brain systems designed to control food intake," Dagher said. "Our brains didn’t evolve to make us vulnerable to addictive drugs."

Neuroscientist and psychologist Dana Small at the John B. Pierce Laboratory affiliated with Yale University, who did not participate in this study, said these findings suggest it might make sense "to use what we know about drug addiction to understand and treat obesity."

It may be reasonable to think "of high-calorie food as having addictive potential," he added. "If food can be thought of as 'addictive,' this supports doing things like banning fast food shops from schools, or advertising junk food to children. Note that public policy aimed at tobacco was really spurred by the science showing that nicotine was addictive."

Dagher and his colleagues detailed their findings in the May issue of the journal Cell Metabolism.

Live Science Contributor

Charles Q. Choi is a contributing writer for Live Science and Space.com. He covers all things human origins and astronomy as well as physics, animals and general science topics. Charles has a Master of Arts degree from the University of Missouri-Columbia, School of Journalism and a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of South Florida. Charles has visited every continent on Earth, drinking rancid yak butter tea in Lhasa, snorkeling with sea lions in the Galapagos and even climbing an iceberg in Antarctica.

Secret Found: What Makes Food Look Tasty (2024)

FAQs

What makes food look tasty? ›

Food is often prettiest when it's most delicious and looks full and abundant — at peak freshness and cooked well. People respond to caramelized browning, bright green herbs, and fresh, ripe colors. Here are some tips to make the dish look even better (and tastier). Pile food up, rather than spreading it out.

Why is food so pleasurable? ›

Our brains reward us for it, by releasing pleasure chemicals -- in the same way as drugs and alcohol, experts say. Scientists studying that good feeling after eating call it ingestion analgesia, literally pain relief from eating.

Why does food have flavor? ›

Taste principally serves two functions: it enables the evaluation of foods for toxicity and nutrients while helping us decide what to ingest and it prepares the body to metabolize foods once they have been ingested.

What are the 5 elements of making food visually appealing? ›

ELEMENTS THAT MAKE FOOD APPEALING:
  • COLOR: Some of the most beautiful objects in nature are foods. ...
  • TEXTURE: What can be seen; it can be felt with the tongue. ...
  • SIZE AND SHAPE: Use various sizes and shapes. ...
  • FLAVOR: Variety is important! ...
  • TEMPERATURE: Meals are more interesting if some hot and some cold foods are used.
Dec 14, 2006

What enhances the attractiveness of food? ›

Study 1 showed that unhealthy food is more strongly associated with gustatory, olfactory, and interoceptive experience than healthy food, and this sensory information increases the attractiveness of such food.

What foods are umami? ›

Some foods that are high in umami compounds are seafood, meats, aged cheeses, seaweeds, soy foods, mushrooms, tomatoes, kimchi, green tea, and many others. Try adding a few umami-rich foods to your diet to reap their flavor and health benefits.

How do you trick your brain into liking food? ›

How to trick your brain into better eating habits
  1. Use heavier cutlery or – better still – no cutlery at all.
  2. Make eating as sensory an experience as possible.
  3. Cook – and eat – with your eyes.
  4. Frontload your first mouthful.
  5. Choose your music carefully – and turn down the volume.
May 17, 2022

What is the most satisfying food in the world? ›

Boiled potatoes are very filling and scored the highest of all the foods on the satiety index.

What flavor is umami? ›

Umami is one of the five basic tastes, along with sweet, sour, salty and bitter taste sensations. It's most commonly defined as “savoury”, but the characteristics of umami can also be described as “meaty”, “complex” or even just “deliciousness”. A Japanese word, umami is pronounced: “oo-ma-mee”.

What are the 7 types of tastes? ›

The seven most common flavors in food that are directly detected by the tongue are: sweet, bitter, sour, salty, meaty (umami), cool, and hot.

What adds the most flavor to food? ›

Just like herbs and spices, aromatics like garlic, onions, shallots, leeks, and scallions seriously boost the flavor of a dish. Start any dish by sautéing a little in the pan or pot first, and your end result is automatically going to taste better.

What 4 features describe the appearance of food? ›

These properties are color, gloss, translucency, the uniformity of these attributes over the surface of the product, and the appearance boundary condition “visual flavor.”

What are the 4 sensory properties of food? ›

Sensory attributes, such as appearance, odor, flavor, taste, and texture of foods detectable by human senses, are often used to evaluate food quality.

What ingredients will you add to make your food presentation look more appetizing? ›

Herbs and vegetables bring color and flavor to the dish. Play with colors and textures of the plates by adding different sauces. As per customer psychology, serving odd quantities of food items like shrimps and mushrooms adds to the visual appeal. However, don't go overboard with the styling.

Is Worcestershire sauce umami? ›

Worcestershire sauce is really an umami delivery vehicle, a cousin to fish sauce or soy sauce that the family kind of forgot about. And we tend to forget about it, too—but at the end of the day, you can use Worcestershire to add flavor to anything saucy much in the same way you'd use soy or fish sauce.

Is umami just MSG? ›

Instead, monosodium glutamate (MSG) and umami were thought to be the same thing. It wasn't until the late 20th century that scientists agreed that umami was the fifth flavor, listing it alongside salty, bitter, sweet, and sour. They realized that, unlike umami, monosodium glutamate doesn't naturally occur in foods.

Do eggs have umami? ›

Chicken eggs contain high-quality protein with well-balanced amino acids, as well as the vitamins (B6, etc.) necessary to metabolize the protein inside the body. This is why, along with milk, chicken eggs are called “complete foods.” Egg yolks contain the umami compound glutamic acid.

Can you train your brain to like certain foods? ›

Through consistent repetition over a period of time, your brain will eventually feel more pleasure from healthier foods, and its reward centres will not respond as actively to unhealthy food cues. We've also learned that an increased intake of vegetables is associated with good mood and mental well-being.

How do you know if you are a super taster? ›

If you have more than 30 tastebuds in a space on your tongue that is the size of a hole from a hole punch, you'd be considered a supertaster. The average person has 15 to 30 and those with fewer than 15 would be considered non-tasters.

How many times should you try food before you like it? ›

Keep Trying

eventually (it can take eight or more tries). As adults, we're not much different. Studies have shown that the more times we try a food, the more we may like it.

What 2 foods can you survive on? ›

4 Foods You Could (Almost) Exclusively Live Off Of
  • Potatoes. Advertisem*nt. ...
  • Human Breast Milk. Advertisem*nt. ...
  • Kale. Advertisem*nt. ...
  • Trail Mix.
Jul 7, 2016

What is the #1 food in the world? ›

Pizza is the topmost liked food in the world. Today you can find pizza in almost every corner of the world. This traditional Italian dish is made of flattened round dough topped with cheese, and tomatoes, and additionally garnished with basil, olives, and oregano.

Is peanut butter umami? ›

Peanut meal could provide a source of novel umami flavour compounds and enhancers, say the researchers. Two novel peptides identified in peanut protein could produce strong umami flavor and umami flavor enhancing abilities, according to researchers.

Is Avocado a umami? ›

Is Avocado a umami? This is usually the taste of glutamate, which is an amino acid found in foods like meats, dairy, fish, and vegetables. An avocado definitely does not fit into any of the other categories, and umami is the closest category I could find that accurately encompasses the very mild flavor of an avocado.

What food has the most umami? ›

The Umami Information Center has a list of the most umami-rich foods. Topping the list are tomatoes (especially dried tomatoes), Parmigiano cheese, anchovies, cured ham, seaweed, mushrooms, and cultured and fermented foods (especially cheese and soy, fish, and Worcestershire sauces).

What are the 4 basic tastes psychology? ›

Sweet, sour, salty, bitter – and savory

This flavor has been recognized as the fifth basic taste in addition to the four better known tastes of sweet, sour, bitter and salty.

How many tastes do humans have? ›

Human taste can be distilled down to the basic 5 taste qualities of sweet, sour, bitter, salty and umami or savory. Although the sense of taste has been viewed as a nutritional quality control mechanism, the human experience of ingesting food is the interaction of all 5 senses.

What is the most complex taste? ›

Most people know the four main senses of taste: sweet, sour, bitter, and salty. But there's also a fifth sense, which is more complex.

What adds depth of flavor? ›

Using stock adds a depth and richness to cooking that both compliments and brings out the flavour of a dish. When it comes to cooking rice and other grains, stock is a great ingredient to add flavour to the dish at a base level.

What is a common flavor enhancer? ›

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is one of the most common flavor enhancers used in the food industry. Other common flavor enhancers include acidulants, hydrolyzed vegetable proteins, and yeast extracts.

What ingredient enhances flavor? ›

Acidic ingredients help lift and balance flavor. Use small amounts of ingredients with bold flavors such as pomegranate seeds, chipotle pepper or cilantro. Give a flavor burst with good-quality condiments such as horseradish, flavored mustard, chutney, wasabi, bean purees, tapenade and salsas of all kinds.

How can we make food tasty? ›

Stop waiting to salt at the end

Salt is uniquely suited to accentuate the natural flavors of your ingredients. If you just add it at the end, though, your food will taste salty. Instead, salt as you go, building layers of flavor that will make your food really stand out.

What is it called when food looks good? ›

luscious food looks, smells, and tastes especially good.

How do you make food taste like restaurant? ›

  1. #1They Cook with High Heat. ...
  2. #2They Prepare Everything in Advance. ...
  3. #3They Use a Ton of Shallots. ...
  4. #4They Make Their Own Stock. ...
  5. #5They Cook Everything in Butter. ...
  6. #6They Let Their Meat Rest. ...
  7. #7They Use Fresh Herbs & Spices. ...
  8. #8They Know Presentation Matters.
Feb 3, 2014

What is food illusion? ›

Examples could be a dessert disguised as a main meal, veggies disguised as lollies or even a sandwich that's really a cake! Collect your guests' feedback afterwards to determine what worked and which dishes might need further thought!

How do you describe something that tastes amazing? ›

Flavorsome indicates good tasting, full of flavor, specifically pleasant flavor; implying delicious, tasty, appetizing, scrumptious, yummy, juicy, succulent, heavenly, inviting, luscious, mouthwatering, palatable, saporous, savory; may be divine, toothsome, and tempting.

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