Should You Wash Your New Fast-fashion Haul Before Wear? Textile Lab Talks Toxicity (2024)

Toxic clothing is still among us even in spite of significant advancements.

In October, fast-fashion hauls including Shein, AliExpress and Zaful (including children’s purses and jackets) were combed in a CBC Marketplace investigation, finding one in five items had elevated levels of chemicals, including lead, phthalates (which are so commonly found in everyday life they earned the nickname “everywhere chemicals”) and PFAS (similarly dubbed “forever chemicals” for their lingering nature in the human bloodstream long after exposure).

That same month, President Joe Biden, by way of the revamped Environmental Protection Agency, came up with a plan to tackle the toxic PFAS, limiting their existence in drinking water. (It matters because the U.S. is notoriously lenient in its stance on chemical bans and toxicity thresholds.)

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Right there with Biden, fashion is pushing for change.

But while championed as a solution, recycled fashion has its own problems. H&M and Ikea spent the past two years collecting 70,000 data points showing how harmful chemicals (formaldehyde, for one) still linger on secondhand goods, which are integral to iterating on recycled clothes in the circular fashion economy.

To underscore the importance of addressing toxic fashion, executives Michael Redshaw, global head of technical, global softlines at Intertek; and Dr. Pratik Ichhaporia, director of global key account management and technical services, North America for global softlines and hardlines at Intertek, offered practical guidance and an explainer of the current protocols on chemicals. Intertek is a lab certified by the Consumer Product Safety Commission, or CPSC, with testing services in Shenzhen, a core apparel manufacturing city in China.

WWD: What is the bare minimum for fashion product safety compliance?

Michael Redshaw: Bare minimum for the product safety and compliance of a fashion product is to meet the regulatory requirements for the jurisdiction where the products are offered for sale. For example, an item of an adult apparel, like a sweatshirt offered for sale in the U.S. market, shall meet the CPSC regulation for flammability along with the Federal Trade Commission requirements for fiber content and care information labeling.

The U.S. manufacturer or importer of [the] product is also required to issue a Certificate of Compliance, which is a self-declaration of compliance, that their product meets all applicable CPSC rules, regulations, bans and standards. Children’s products have stringent requirements compared to adult products and hence a children’s sweatshirt would have to meet additional requirements such as drawstrings, total lead in coating, total lead content and tracking label.

WWD: What does it look like for a fashion company to go beyond regulatory requirements?

Dr. Pratik Ichhaporia: Most fashion companies do go beyond regulatory requirements to set up their own product performance requirements.

Some of the performance tests are dimensional and appearance changes to laundering, colorfastness testing, physical testing requirements such as pilling, abrasion, snagging, strength testing (tensile and tear, or bursting strength) and comfort.

Moreover, they also inspect the products and audit the manufacturing facilities for quality management and social compliance. As consumers demand more transparent and responsible supply chains, we see more fashion companies joining different industry initiatives, such as Zero Discharge Hazardous Chemicals [ZDHC], HIGG or voluntary audit programs such as Intertek’s Workplace Condition Assessment [WCA] program, in order to improve their supply chains in terms of working conditions, health and safety, chemical management, wastewater management, etc.

There have been a lot more voluntary disclosures from fashion brands on their suppliers’ information, sources of raw materials or even the environmental impact of individual products these days.

WWD: Do fast-fashion companies face greater reputational risk in product safety compliance?

M.R.: The fast-fashion industry is constantly placing affordable fashion products on market within short time frames due to demand, by minimizing on material, production and labor costs, or sometimes even quality control.

Therefore, there is an increased inherent risk with product safety compliance due to tighter schedules and lean budgets. Additionally, due to low cost of goods, there is a higher risk for work being carried out at factories that are not adhering to labor laws.

WWD: What happens when a fashion product fails testing?

M.R.: Defects identified when the fashion product is within the value chain provides manufacturers and brands the opportunity to take necessary corrective actions prior to the sale of the product. Safety defects detected after the product has been distributed to the consumers require notification to the regulators such as U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission [CPSC] and Health Canada [as was the case with the CBC investigation from October].

Subsequent corrective action can vary depending on the nature of defects and can vary from relabeling to recall.

Performance failures lead to consumer complaints and higher rate of product returns.Safety failures can result in physical hazards as well as injuries to children and adults. For example, drawstrings in hooded children’s sweatshirts can get entangled in the playground, school bus or moving objects, posing a strangulation hazard to children.Non-compliance with children’s sleepwear flammability standards can result in fire and burn hazards. A safety hazard may also emerge, if the instructions on product or label are inaccurate or ambiguous, leading to misuse of the product.

Certain chemicals found in clothing, trim and packaging can have far-reaching consequences such as toxicological exposures resulting in harm to the reproductive system, immune systems and increasing the risk of cancer, in addition to harming the environment. It could lead to skin irritation, allergies and poisoning as well.

Such consequences can culminate over a period and may not necessarily show up immediately.

WWD: Given these concerns, should consumers wash their new clothes before wear to remove lingering chemicals?

P.I.: Wash and wear would be recommended for clothes for young children or people that have sensitive skin, as this would reduce residual chemicals and associated odors — if any — from textile processing. Formaldehyde, pH, volatile organic compounds [VOCs] are examples of chemicals that may get washed off partially during the first wash.

For some garments, the labels would explicitly indicate that the clothes will need to be washed for the first time before wearing.

WWD: What steps do fashion companies need to take to improve safety in garments?

P.I.: [Cultivate] awareness and understanding of regulations that would apply to fast-fashion products, as well as how raw materials, manufacturing and disposal of the end products can affect consumers and the environment.

Perform in-house and third-party lab testing at various stages from raw material to finished garment stage.

Establish a good chemical management system and periodically check for the presence of targeted chemicals and their levels, by performing chemical screening, for California Proposition 65, European Union REACH, etc.

As part of chemical management, develop restricted substances list [RSL]for product as well as set requirements for use of restricted substances for manufacturing processes.

Drive product sustainability by using recycled as well as organic materials. In addition, focus on reducing the water and energy use during processing of the textiles.

Perform periodic inspections and auditing of the suppliers to ensure they uphold required environmental, social and governance standards.

Analyze consumer complaints and look at past product recalls for similar products.

WWD: What is a checklist consumers can follow?

M.R.: Indulge in mindful consumerism and be a conscious consumer. Pick long-lasting garments that will stand the test of time. Gravitate toward brands and products that place emphasis on quality, safety and sustainability. Look for fiber composition and claims on items prior to purchasing. Look for in-store recycling schemes that allow consumers to recycle clothing. Consider upcycling of existing clothing.

Should You Wash Your New Fast-fashion Haul Before Wear? Textile Lab Talks Toxicity (2024)

FAQs

Should You Wash Your New Fast-fashion Haul Before Wear? Textile Lab Talks Toxicity? ›

Textile Lab Talks Toxicity. The short answer: yes. Chemical testing firms recommend washing even your new clothes before wear.

Should you wash your new clothes before wearing them? ›

While it might be difficult to resist the perfect feel of wearing new clothes, it is recommended that any clothing worn in direct contact with your skin (especially things like underwear, t-shirts or shorts) be washed before wearing.

What is the use of toxic chemicals in fast fashion? ›

Heavy metals

For example, chromium is used in leather products and antimony to make polyester. These toxic chemicals in clothing can weaken the immune system and cause reproductive issues as well as brain, kidney, or liver damage.

What chemicals are fast fashion workers exposed to? ›

Finding chemicals in fast fashion

One in five had concerning levels of chemicals, like lead, PFAS, and phthalates.

Do toxins wash out of clothes? ›

Washing all clothes before the first wear can be helpful in eliminating some of the chemicals used in production, but just like you can't fully “remove” the pesticides by washing a non-organically grown vegetable, you can't remove all the toxins and synthetics from a piece of clothing with a cycle in the washing ...

Are new clothes sprayed with formaldehyde? ›

Formaldehyde is commonly associated with the "chemical smell" on new clothes. It's linked to many health problems like asthma, nausea, cancer, and dermatitis.

Should you wash new jeans before wearing them? ›

One of the most common questions after getting a new pair of jeans is whether you should wash them before wearing. The answer is YES, with the exception of raw denim. Washing jeans before wearing them the first time helps to prevent dyes from bleeding onto your skin and other clothes.

What are the toxic dyes in fast-fashion? ›

Much of the fast-fashion clothing contains Azo dyes, which are a group of cheap dyes that produce strong colors of clothing. These dyes have a carcinogenic effect. That's because our skin can easily absorb it and possibly leading to skin and eye irritation. Phthalates are in jeans, faux leather, and raincoats.

How do you clean toxic clothes? ›

Sprinkle one small-sized box of baking soda (or 1 cup) into the washing machine. Soak the clothes overnight. When convenient during the soaking, agitate the machine for a few minutes. Launder as usual.

Should I wash my Shein clothes before wearing? ›

Q2: Is Shein Clothes Toxic? Yes, for the most part, some —not all— Shein clothes can have toxic elements like lead and chemicals from dyes; thus, wash your Shein clothing hauls before wearing. Washing dilutes these dyes and chemicals, reducing the chances of an allergic reaction.

Do lululemon leggings contain PFAS? ›

PFAS have been found in a wide variety of garments such as rain jackets, hiking pants, shirts and yoga pants and sports bras made by popular brands like Lululemon and Athleta.

Is clothes dye toxic? ›

The poisonous ingredient in cloth dye is corrosive alkali. Today it is rare to find this poisonous ingredient in most household cloth dyes. Most common household cloth dyes are made from nonpoisonous substances, such as: Mild soaps.

What are the most harmful chemicals in clothing? ›

These include, but are not limited to, flame retardants, Polyfluorinated substances (PFAS)*, lead & chromium, phthalates, chlorine bleach, AZO dyes, and volatile organic chemicals (VOCs)+ such as formaldehyde.

Does washing clothes remove mycotoxins? ›

The tumbling motion during the wash cycle beats those oil containing vesicles in the wash water and removes them from the textile fabric. Just as hydrophobic dirt particles are removed from textile fabric, hydrophobic mycotoxins are removed from grain particles.

Does washing clothes remove pesticides? ›

Ordinary laundry procedures won't rid the clothes of highly toxic and concentrated pesticide residues. Because pesticide absorption through the skin--not through the respiratory system--is the major risk for agricultural workers, textile researchers continue to study pesticide removal from clothing.

Does washing clothes remove lead? ›

If you are exposed to lead and your employer does not launder your clothing, you should take the clothing home in a plastic bag and put the clothing directly into the washing machine. You should use detergents to remove lead. Other clothing should not be washed with the work clothing.

Does laundry detergent remove formaldehyde? ›

Washing with regular detergent should remove around 60% of the formaldehyde in clothes. If you want to increase this number, you can try a few other tricks: Soak in baking soda. Add a cup of baking soda into water and soak your clothing overnight.

How do you disinfect new clothes without washing them? ›

“A steamer will pull all the chemical gunk out of the fibers of your clothes,” Richardson says. “So if you have the patience, you can just steam your clothes clean before wearing them.”

Should I wash my Levis before I wear them? ›

New denim, especially new dark wash denim, has a tendency to bleed its excess dye during its first wash. Put a light-colored piece of clothing in there with that bleeding dye and it could come out with a blue or black tint. To avoid that, we recommend washing your new jeans by themselves for the first go-round.

What happens if you don't wash new jeans? ›

Mr Bergh isn't the only denim expert to come out with this advice. Hiut Denim's website says: "Raw denim is best given a good six months before washing. The longer you can leave it, the better your jeans will look. "The reason for this is that the indigo will have worn off in places where you make natural creases.

What is the best way to wash new jeans? ›

When you get a new pair of jeans, early loving care is important when it comes to long-lasting denim. The best way you can do this is to wash your jeans by hand and wash them alone. Turn them inside out, and either wash them in cold water in the sink or in the bathtub, where they can be placed down flat.

What is the most toxic dye? ›

Perhaps the most famous of the deadly colors is white lead, which can still be found in houses across the country. Lead paint was desirable for centuries due to its brilliant white color, but the adverse effects of lead poisoning only became known in the last century.

What is the most toxic food coloring? ›

The three dyes most consumed–Red 40, Yellow 5 and Yellow 6–are the dyes most likely to cause systemic allergic reactions. These same dyes also contain the cancer-causing contaminants Benzidine, 4-aminobiphenyl and 4-aminoazobenzene. Red 3 has been found to increase the risk of thyroid tumors in rat studies.

What are toxic textile dyes? ›

Some classes of dyes, such as azo dyes, which are a class of synthetic nitrogen-based dyes that produce bright reds, oranges, and yellows, are one of the most commonly used groups of dyes and are known to be toxic and carcinogenic.

What is the best way to remove formaldehyde? ›

Three effective ways of removing formaldehyde from your home are to open a window, use an air purifier with an activated carbon filter, or perform a home cookout.

Does vinegar disinfect clothes? ›

White vinegar is an amazing disinfectant, and laundry is no exception. It contains acetic acid, which kills viruses and bacteria; plus, white vinegar works as a disinfectant and a deodorizer.

Does vinegar remove toxins from clothes? ›

White vinegar is a natural deodorizer and can even help to brighten your clothes. Add this ingredient to your washing machine before you start it to combat the formaldehyde in the washer. Don't let your clothes sit in the vinegar.

Should I wash clothes I bought online before wearing them? ›

Bottom Line

The conclusion is clear: According to dermatologists, clothing manufacturers, vintage dealers, and common sense, it's smart—and highly recommended—to wash your new clothing items before wearing them.

Should I wash my Shein? ›

(Most of Shein's clothing is made from polyester, too.) Washing your new Shein clothing can help prevent any unwanted allergic reactions to the dyes used on the clothing.

How do you wash new clothes for the first time? ›

Washing new clothing
  1. Remove unwanted objects. Remove all the tags from your clothes and set them aside. ...
  2. Check the washing symbols label. Always make sure to stick to the recommendations. ...
  3. Wash similar colours together. ...
  4. Load your clothes. ...
  5. Dose correctly. ...
  6. Set to Wash. ...
  7. Unload ASAP.

Does toilet paper have PFAS? ›

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, also known as PFAS or forever chemicals, have been identified in toilet paper from brands around the world in a new study. The research adds to a growing list of studies finding PFAS in everything from rainwater to tap water to even umbilical cord blood.

Is BPA in leggings? ›

A new study has found that some workout gear could be dangerous, with high levels of BPA, a known endocrine disruptor. When we throw on a pair of leggings and a sports bra to hit the pavement, we rarely think we're simultaneously getting a hit of a potentially toxic endocrine disruptor.

What is the Lululemon controversy? ›

Lululemon, which turned skin-tight black leggings into a fashion statement, has weathered controversy before. In 2019 the company investigated claims that workers at a factory in Bangladesh making its clothing had been beaten and abused, according to the Guardian.

How do you remove formaldehyde from clothing? ›

Baking soda reduces odor and gently cleans clothes. To do this, pour some baking soda into the warm water, swirl it around gently to mix the ingredients, and submerge your clothes in the mixture for at least 8 hours to remove formaldehyde. Rinse in cold water then air dry.

How do you know if there's lead in your clothes? ›

After laundering, clothing can be tested with the D-Lead® test kit for lead dust (for procedure, see: www.esca-tech.com). If the test is positive, it maybe necessary to re-wash; add additional detergent to wash cycle, or switch to a detergent formulated to remove lead and metal dust.

Is fabric dye toxic on skin? ›

Some dyes can cause allergic skin reactions. Certain reactive, vat and disperse dyes are recognised skin sensitisers. A small number of dyes, based on the chemical benzidine, are thought to cause cancer – there are substitutes for these dyes in textile use.

What is the least toxic fabric to wear? ›

Buying organic cotton not only reduces the number of toxins you breathe and expose your skin to, but can lessen the amount of pesticide chemicals released into the water supply when washing your clothes. Other good fabric alternatives to look for are silk, flax, wool, and tencel (made from sustainable wood pulp).

What is the most toxic product in the world? ›

What's the most deadly substance? There are quite a few candidates for the most deadly substance. But one of the most potent poisons on the planet is the Botulinum toxin. It is made by the Clostridium botulinum bacterium and is used in tiny amounts for cosmetic surgery.

What is the most toxic stuff on earth? ›

Abstract. Botulinum toxins, exotoxins of Clostridium botulinum, are the most toxic naturally occurring substances known to man.

Does vinegar remove mycotoxins? ›

It does NOT remove or kill mycotoxins.

What gets rid of mycotoxins in the body? ›

Ideally, mycotoxins should be filtered out by the liver and then escorted out through urine or stool.

What detergent kills mold? ›

Two mold killing detergents are Oxiclean and Clorox.

Does Dawn dish soap remove pesticides? ›

The FDA does not recommend washing fruits and vegetables with soap, detergent, or commercial produce wash. They have not been proven to be any more effective than water alone. No washing method is 100% effective for removing all pesticide residues.

Does apple cider vinegar wash off pesticides? ›

While you can remove pesticide residues using a soaking solution such as vinegar and water or salt and water, it's not advisable. There's a small risk the chemical reaction between the pesticides and the solution could produce potentially harmful compounds.

Is there a laundry detergent that disinfects? ›

Machine wash the bedding with hot water (hottest cycle possible) and add a high-quality detergent, such as Persil. For extra protection, use Persil antibacterial laundry sanitiser which is added to your laundry during the rinse cycle. It kills 99.9% viruses* and bacteria, even at low temperatures such as 20°C.

Can vinegar clean lead? ›

If the stains are not too severe, they can be removed with a mild acid solution – vinegar or lemon juice work well. Use a nylon brush or very fine wire wool. Use our specially developed lead cleaner and restorer and remove the stains with a nylon brush or scourer.

Do Clorox wipes get rid of lead? ›

To clean up Lead dust you must use disposable wipes with surfactant-containing detergent. Clorox Wipes or Lysol Wipes or any similar brand have been proven to work well for this.

How do you remove lead from your body? ›

Chelation therapy.

In this treatment, a medication given by mouth binds with the lead so that it's excreted in urine. Chelation therapy might be recommended for children with a blood level of 45 mcg/dL or greater and adults with high blood levels of lead or symptoms of lead poisoning.

What to do before washing new clothes? ›

Washing new clothing
  1. Remove unwanted objects. Remove all the tags from your clothes and set them aside. ...
  2. Check the washing symbols label. Always make sure to stick to the recommendations. ...
  3. Wash similar colours together. ...
  4. Load your clothes. ...
  5. Dose correctly. ...
  6. Set to Wash. ...
  7. Unload ASAP.

How long should you wear clothes before washing them? ›

T-shirts, tank tops and camisoles should be washed after each wearing. Outer clothes like dress shirts and khakis can be worn a few times before washing unless it is hot out and you are sweating or they are visibly dirty or stained. Jeans can typically be worn 3 times before washing.

How do you wash chemicals out of clothes? ›

Use hot water - the hotter the better. Use heavy duty laundry detergent. Laundry additives such as chlorine bleach or ammonia do not improve removal of pesticide residues. Line dry, if possible.

Why do you wash clothes before New Years? ›

According to folklore, if you wash clothes on New Year's Day, you'll be “washing for the dead” or washing a loved one away -- meaning someone in your household will die in the coming year. Get your laundry washed, dried, folded and put away by New Year's Eve.

How do you wash cotton clothes for the first time? ›

When you buy new clothing made of cotton, you'll want to initially hand wash and air dry it to minimize any shrinkage and help the garment settle, so to speak. After that first hand wash, there are a few rules to follow when washing your cotton clothing: Hand Washing When time allows, hand wash your cotton clothing.

Does regular laundry detergent sanitize clothes? ›

While cleaning may lower the risk of spreading infectious agents, such as viruses and bacteria, it does not kill them. Disinfection requires the use of chemicals that kill germs.” Unfortunately, laundry detergent isn't always enough to kill stubborn germs, so disinfecting your clothing periodically is a must.

Should I dry new clothes in the dryer? ›

For the first wash, avoid using the dryer. Hang the new clothes on a line outside, away from the sun. Doing so will keep the garments fresh and also reduce the risk of color fading. In the event that you don't have access to a clothes line, select the lowest heat setting or a delicate mode on the dryer.

How do you wash clothes without toxins? ›

Six Ways to Clean Your Laundry, Naturally
  1. What's Lurking In Your Laundry Detergents & Softeners? ...
  2. Try vinegar instead of fabric softener. ...
  3. Ditch your dryer sheets. ...
  4. Opt for a “clean” laundry detergent. ...
  5. Make your own laundry detergent. ...
  6. Ventilate your laundry room. ...
  7. Leave the lid open. ...
  8. What's Next?

What happens if you dont wash clothes before wearing them? ›

Remove Skin Irritants

1 If you don't wash your new clothing before wearing it, the dyes could cause you to develop allergic contact dermatitis, which is an immune system-related reaction to an allergen that has irritated your delicate skin.

How often should you wash a bra? ›

How often you need to wash your bras isn't an exact science. But dermatologist Alok Vij, MD, says that as a general rule, you should wash them after every two to three wears.

Should I wash socks before wearing? ›

Luckily, washing items before wearing them can dramatically decrease the likelihood of getting a rash or lice, or being exposed to some nasty chemicals. Pay close attention to anything that is worn next to the skin or prone to getting sweated on, like summer staples. On Hogue's must-wash list: Socks.

How do you get the smell out of Shein clothes? ›

Baking soda is one of the first go tos for many people looking to get rid of that chemical smell on their new clothes.
  1. Fill a bucket or sink with water.
  2. Add 2 cups of baking soda and soak the clothing overnight.
  3. Wash the clothing as normal, adding ½ cup of baking soda to the rinse cycle.
Dec 29, 2020

How does Shein sell so cheap? ›

Shein saves money and can price their clothes so low because they outsource their labor to countries where the wages are cheaper. Shein also sells their products directly to consumers and doesn't have physical stores, which keeps their operational costs low.

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