(Credits: Far Out / Aladdin Hammami / Flickr / Weston M)
In what is thought to be the oldest song ever created, a ‘sheet’ of music was discovered in the ancient Syrian city of Ugaritand referenced back to around3,400 years ago.
TheHurrian songs – often also known as Hurrian Hymns –are recognised as a collection of music that was inscribed onto clay tablets at some point in history. Much later, the tablets were exhumed from the ancientAmorite city ofUgarit. While tracing the specific date has proved difficult, many historians believe the date to be approximately 1400 BCE.
Professor Anne Draffkorn Kilmer, who works as the curator at the Lowie Museum of Anthropology at Berkeley, spent 15 years deciphering the clay tablets which were uncovered and excavated in Syria by French archaeologists in the early 1950s. The tablets, it has been confirmed, formed “a complete cult hymn and is the oldest preserved song with notation in the world”.
Kilmer, who is also a professor of Assyriology at the University of California, worked alongside her colleagues Richard L. Crocker and Robert R. Brown to create a definitive record and booklet about the song, which has been called the ‘Sounds From Silence’.
“We are able to match the number of syllables in the text of the song with the number of notes indicated by the musical notations,” Kilmer pointed out. “This approach produces harmonies rather than a melody of single notes. The chances the number of syllables would match the notation numbers without intention are astronomical”.
Richard Crocker, Kilmer’s colleague, added: “This has revolutionised the whole concept of the origin of western music”.
“The problem with this tablet is that – we could read the script because it was written in Babylonian cuneiform, and we know the value of the signs – but we didn’t have any idea what it meant, Richard Dumbrill,professor of archaeomusicology at Babylon University in Iraq, later commented. “These people migrated towards north-west Syria – it took them a good couple of thousand years – and decided to use the Babylonian signs to write their text and their music,” Dumbrill added. “So it was extremely difficult to translate. However, I managed to find out that the text below the two lines were musical names that were Hurrianised – that is, they were Babylonian but had been transformed on contact with the Hurrian people. And I could find out that it was a melody. It took me about 20 years to translate.”
While a basic recreation of the song was released later, a new video of the song was played by musician andcomposer Michael Levy, who, according to the Mail, focuses on “intensively researching and recreating the ancient playing techniques of the lyres of antiquity”.
While archaeologists managed to unearth 29 tablets during the project in the 1950s, only one of the texts was preserved well enough to allow modern reconstruction. “Over the last few years, I have recorded several of my own arrangements for solo lyre of the Hurrian Hymn,” Mr Levy said before explaining that his mission was to “reintroduce the beautiful lyres of antiquity back into the bland andsoulless modern ‘musical’ world”.
He adds: “H6 [the rescued text] is the oldest substantial fragment (almost complete) of an actual melody, so far discovered in history. Naturally, music, being the expression of aesthetic emotion through sound, probably even predates even our use of language, but up until this piece of music was actually discovered, no other written melodies from this period and before were ever found”.
Levy concluded: “The music of the Hurrian Hymn Text H6, therefore, is the oldest known example of a piece of actual written music dating from about 3,400 years ago, which can be interpreted and performed again today; over3,400 years later.”
Listen to a recreation of the song, below.
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As an enthusiast with a deep understanding of ancient music history, particularly the early forms of musical notation, I find the discovery of the oldest known song incredibly fascinating. The article discusses the excavation of a 'sheet' of music in the ancient Syrian city of Ugarit, dating back around 3,400 years. This discovery is significant as it is associated with the Hurrian songs, also known as Hurrian Hymns, and was inscribed onto clay tablets.
The curator at the Lowie Museum of Anthropology at Berkeley, Professor Anne Draffkorn Kilmer, played a pivotal role in deciphering the clay tablets. Her expertise in Assyriology and collaboration with colleagues Richard L. Crocker and Robert R. Brown resulted in the creation of a definitive record and booklet about the song, titled 'Sounds From Silence.' Kilmer's 15 years of deciphering revealed that the tablets contained a complete cult hymn, making it the oldest preserved song with notation in the world.
The method used in deciphering involved matching the number of syllables in the text with the number of notes indicated by the musical notations. Kilmer emphasizes the intentionality behind this matching, stating that the chances of the number of syllables coinciding with the notation numbers without intention are astronomical. This approach produced harmonies rather than a simple melody of single notes, revolutionizing the understanding of the origin of western music, as stated by Richard Crocker, Kilmer's colleague.
The article further introduces Professor Richard Dumbrill, a specialist in archaeomusicology at Babylon University in Iraq, who highlighted the difficulty in translating the script on the tablet. Dumbrill's 20 years of work revealed that the text represented musical names that were Hurrianized, transformed on contact with the Hurrian people, and that it was a melody.
The recreation of the song was not an easy task, given that only one of the 29 unearthed tablets was preserved well enough for modern reconstruction. Musician and composer Michael Levy took on the challenge, focusing on researching and recreating the ancient playing techniques of lyres. Levy released a new video of the song, aiming to reintroduce the lyres of antiquity into the modern musical world. He emphasizes the significance of the rescued text, H6, as the oldest substantial fragment of an actual melody discovered in history, dating back over 3,400 years.
In conclusion, the article provides a glimpse into the world of ancient music, detailing the challenges faced by experts in deciphering and recreating the oldest known song with musical notation, shedding light on the origins of musical expression over three millennia ago.
