Tudor fashion
Do you know your Spanish farthingale from your Drum? Or your English hood from your French? Types of Tudor fashion evolved throughout the period.
What did the Tudors wear?
Our knowledge of how the Tudors dressed comes largely from the portraits that were made of the royal and noble members of Tudor society. Very few original garments have survived from this time, and the nature of portraiture has meant that our knowledge of what the average Tudor man or woman wore is very limited as only the rich and powerful could commission them.From early Tudor fashion to late, sumptuary laws controlled the clothing Tudor men and women could wear.
Fashion was also heavily influenced by the key players of the royal Tudor court. Wife of Prince Arthur and then his younger brother Henry VIII, Catherine of Aragon made her mark on the dress of English Tudor ladies, as did Henry's other wives and children.
![Tudor fashion (1) Tudor fashion (1)](https://i0.wp.com/www.rmg.co.uk/sites/default/files/styles/max_width_1440/public/The%20Tudors.jpg?itok=vSs-TLAX)
What did Tudor women wear?
All Tudor women wore a linen shift, regardless of status. This could be washed and changed daily. The wealthier aristocratic women would demonstrate their status through their striking silhouette, highly-embellished outer layers, and headdress.
Farthingale
Catherine of Aragon introduced the Spanish farthingale to the English Court – a conical under-garment which gave structure to the wearer’s skirt.
From around the 1580s, the adult Elizabeth I popularised the Drum, or French farthingale. This exaggerated the female silhouette even more and was designed to display as much expensive fabric as possible in the skirt's numerous pleats, supporting up to 3m of fabric.
The boned structure looked like wheel extending from the waist, with occasionally a bum roll to make it more comfortable to wear. A busk would sit down close to the body to push up the back.
![Tudor fashion (2) Tudor fashion (2)](https://i0.wp.com/www.rmg.co.uk/sites/default/files/styles/max_width_1440/public/Elizabeth%20I%20when%20a%20Princess%20wearing%20a%20Spanish%20farthingale%2C%20Anne%20of%20Denmark%20wearing%20a%20drum%20farthingale.jpg?itok=AlKpeiW9)
Dress
The bodice and skirt of a woman of the Tudor court would be made from exquisite fabric and embellished with precious jewels, ribbons and lace. Parts of the linen shift under garment would be visible - around the neck and on the cuffs. Catherine of Aragon set the trend of revealing blackwork embroidery on these parts of the shift, which was followed by the female Tudor nobility.
Hood
Sixteenth century women wore linen caps under their elaborate headwear which developed in style throughout the century and into Elizabeth I’s reign.
Catherine of Aragon wore the English hood, or gable, with its distinctive triangular framing of the face.
As the second wife of Henry VIII, Anne Boleyn popularised the French hood with its softer shape.
Jane Seymour, wife number three, reverted back to the English hood as a political move away from Anne Boleyn’s image.
Find out more about Henry VIII's wives
![Tudor fashion (3) Tudor fashion (3)](https://i0.wp.com/www.rmg.co.uk/sites/default/files/styles/max_width_1440/public/Catherine%20of%20Aragon%20wearing%20an%20English%20hood%2C%20Anne%20Boleyn%20wearing%20a%20French%20hood.jpg?itok=bxf0-Xc4)
Did Elizabeth I wear thick white make up?
What did Tudor men wear?
![Tudor fashion (4) Tudor fashion (4)](https://i0.wp.com/www.rmg.co.uk/sites/default/files/styles/max_width_1440/public/Sir%20Franics%20Drake.jpg?itok=id4SodJF)
Rich menwore white silk shirts, frilled at the neck and wrists. Over this they wore adoublet(a bit like a tight-fitting jacket), and close-fitting striped trousers (calledhose).
Heavily starched and elaborately pleated ruffs were fashionable throughout the period. A specialist laundress was employed to clean the ruff daily.
As the Tudors ended with Elizabeth I and the Stuart era progressed, various kings would influence male fashion. For example, Charles II brought in the three-piece suit.
Learn about beauty in the Stuart era
Tudor sumptuary laws
Henry VIII saw sumptuary laws as an important way to enforce social hierarchy and authority. Four revisions of the Acts of Apparel prevented the common people from emulating the court. Only those in the elite of the social order were allowed to dress in a certain way.
Other than maintaining social order, these laws were a way of supporting the home market – in particular the textile trade.
Later in Elizabeth’s reign certain aspects of these restrictions were loosened through the growing import market.