How was animation done in the 60s?
Since most animation in those days was 24 frames per second a hundred photograph frames made around
Traditional animation, also known as cel animation, or hand-drawn animation, is an animation technique where each frame of the film is drawn by hand, and was - until the arrival of computer animation - the dominant form used in cinema.
Animation is a method by which still figures are manipulated to appear as moving images. In traditional animation, images are drawn or painted by hand on transparent celluloid sheets to be photographed and exhibited on film. Today, most animations are made with computer-generated imagery (CGI).
Animators had to draw in sequences of animation on sheets of paper and had to ensure that the storyboard corresponds to the character movements. Often, animators used the peg bar, which is a traditional animation tool aimed at keeping the drawings properly organized.
In 1834 William George Horner invented the zoetrope, a rotating drum lined by a band of pictures that could be changed. The Frenchman Émile Reynaud in 1876 adapted the principle into a form that could be projected before a theatrical audience.
Early Animation
The very first animated “film” was by a french cartoonist named Émile Cohl. He's often seen as the father of animation because of his 1908 film, Fantasmagorie, which features a playful cast of hand-drawn characters that are up to no good.
Hand-Drawn Animation
This is the traditional way that animations were created – before digital tools changed everything. It's that classic hand-drawn look of the old Disney movies with each animated element being drawn by an artist.
ANIMATION IN THE 1930's || HOW ANIMATIONS ARE MADE BEFORE
The first animated film 'Fantasmagorie' showed people the magic of animated pictures and changes how people saw 'reality' in movies! On August 17, 1908, the Gaumont company in Paris released Fantasmagorie, the world's first fully animated cartoon created by Emile Cohl in the traditional hand-drawn animation style.
Outsourcing of animation has become widespread. Starting in the mid-1960s, the animation for many low-budget American animated productions has been done by animation studios in foreign countries such as Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Canada, Australia, the Philippines, India, and Hungary.
What is animation used for?
The biggest use for animation is for entertainment. Animation is used on the TV, on your phones, and all over the internet. In television, animation is mostly used to occupy children, as is gives them something to laugh about and keep them entertained for long periods of time.
Animation is feedback to users and helps explain the nature of objects in your program. It needs to be understandable, natural, and, most important perhaps, believable. Believability is achieved by being faithful to the concept you're explaining. A bouncing ball should look like it obeys physics.
| Title | Episodes | Country of Origin |
|---|---|---|
| The New Adventures of Pinocchio | 136 | US, Canada, Japan |
| Courageous Cat and Minute Mouse | 130 | US |
| Popeye the Sailor | 220 | US |
| The Flintstones | 166 | US |
The golden age of American animation gradually came to an end during the early 1970's, when theatrical animated shorts began losing popularity to the newer medium of television animation, produced on cheaper budgets and in a more limited animation style by companies such as Hanna-Barbera, UPA, and DePatie–Freleng.
From the mid-1950s to the late 1980s, the world of animation in the United States experienced a severe quality drought. Television animation was cheaply and quickly produced and loaded with errors.
Drawn animation – also known as traditional animation, or cel animation – is when each frame of the film is hand-drawn on transparent cel sheets. In the beginning, cels were used only for backgrounds. The characters were drawn on sheets of rice paper, then placed under the drawn background to complete a scene.
Scripting Systems were the earliest type of motion control systems. The animator writes a script in the animation language. Thus, the user must learn this language and the system is not interactive. One scripting system is ASAS (Actor Script Animation Language), which has a syntax similar to LISP.
- Traditional Animation.
- 2D Animation.
- 3D Animation.
- Motion Graphics.
- Stop Motion.
...
| Oswald the Lucky Rabbit | |
|---|---|
| Relatives | Mickey Mouse (half-brother) |
Animation is important because it makes us be able to tell stories and communicate emotions and ideas in a unique, easy-to-perceive way that both small children and adults can understand. Animation has helped connect people throughout the world in a way that sometimes writing and live-action films cannot.
When was the first color animation?
CAIRO – 16 August 2017: Today in history, August 16, the first ever colored cartoon with sound aired In 1930. The film was titled 'Flip the Frog – Fiddlesticks. ' The short film was created by Ub Iwerks, an animator famous for having worked directly with Walt Disney during the early days of the company.
Rubber hose animation refers to the bouncy, rubbery way that characters were animated primarily in American cartoons during the 1920s to approximately the mid-1930s. It was not only adopted for its efficiency, but also to avoid the issue of stiffness.
In a video for BBC News they observed that hands are often the most difficult part of a character for animators, and answered that oft-asked question: Why do cartoon characters only have a thumb and three fingers? "Everybody shortens it to three fingers and a thumb... just simply for an economy of line.
Hand-Drawn Animation. This is the oldest and simplest (but not easiest or cheapest) method, having been around since the beginning of the 20th century.
Production and sheets
For decades these films required 24 hand-drawn and colored images per second of screen time meaning each feature-length film required the production of hundreds of thousands of animation cels.
| Title | Country | Release Date |
|---|---|---|
| 1940 | ||
| Pinocchio | United States | February 7, 1940 |
| Fantasia | United States | November 13, 1940 |
| 1941 | ||
J. Stuart Blackton releases Humorous Phases of Funny Faces, the first animated cartoon in the United States.
The basic geometrical shapes we learned growing up were used to build a cartoon character for a comic book or television show. To date, animators find it easier to draw animations using characters with four-fingered hands than those with five fingers.
In 1937, Walt Disney Animation Studios released its first fully animated feature film, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, pioneering a new form of family entertainment.
A film of Walt Disney's first animated creation, Oswald the Lucky Rabbit, which has been lost since 1928, has been discovered. The film was found in the archive of the British Film Institute and is going to be screened again.
Can you animate without drawing?
There are many professional 3D animators that can create amazing animations without drawing. Many of the pioneer animators stood by the belief that your animation always comes first, and knowing how to be a great draftsman came second.
There are four main types of animation:
2D animation. 3D animation. Stop motion animation. Motion graphics.
Animation helps deepen visual understanding better than traditional diagrams. Animation omits unnecessary verbiage and visuals. It allows you to communicate ideas quickly and sharply. Animation is a cost-saving communication strategy.
Modern computer animation usually uses 3D computer graphics to generate a three-dimensional picture. Sometimes, the target of the animation is the computer itself, but sometimes film as well.
In 1907, the French artist Émile Cohl started his filmmaking career with Japon de faintasie, with imaginative use of stop motion techniques. His next short can be regarded as the first animated film using what came to be known as traditional animation methods: the 1908 Fantasmagorie.
In any case, animated films take much longer than live-actions. While pre and post-production take roughly the same amount of time, it can take anywhere from four to seven years to complete a 90-minute animated movie. And that's with a whole army of animators!
Animation takes a very long time to learn, and it also takes a very long time to do well. You may be working on a single ten-second long animation for weeks and weeks, but that's often what it takes to create great animation. It should never be rushed.
- a creative mind and a strong visual imagination.
- an eye for detail and good colour vision.
- the ability to draw, make models and/or use computer graphics software.
- patience and stamina - the work is painstakingly detailed and you may need to work long hours to meet deadlines.
Stickball, street hockey, Ringolevio, Marco Polo, and hide-and-seek were just a few of the games that kids played on high-trafficked streets in the '60s. They also played with marbles and aimed them into the small holes in manhole covers, and there were hopscotch boards written with chalk on the asphalt.
Scooby-Doo made his debut on Sept. 13, 1969, with the premiere of “Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!” The series joined CBS-TV's Saturday morning cartoon lineup and introduced four intrepid teenage detectives and a talking dog named Scooby-Doo.
Which is best cartoons in world?
- Batman: The Animated Series (1992–1995) ...
- Samurai Jack (2001–2017) ...
- Avatar: The Last Airbender (2005–2008) ...
- Total Drama (2007–2014) ...
- Scooby-Doo! ...
- Justice League (2001–2004) ...
- The Avengers: Earth's Mightiest Heroes (2010–2012) ...
- Batman Beyond (1999–2001)
The Silent Age of Animation
Fantasmagorie is considered by film historians to be the first animated cartoon. The 1910's came with the rise of animated short films, or cartoons. Cartoons became an industry on their own, and cartoon shorts were produced for showing in movie theaters.
The Silver Age of Disney Animation ran from 1950 to 1967. It represented a time when Disney returned to the feature length narrative storytelling after having switched to a package format during the Wartime Era. It lasted until the passing of Walt Disney and ended with the first film released after his death.
Disney's Steamboat Willie was the first animated work with synchronized sound on picture. Click play to watch.
Disney's Bronze Age (1970-1988) is better known to fans as Disney's "Dark Age," named in part because of a lack of success seen with the majority of the films released, but also due to the fact that the era began with the death of Walt Disney.
The modern comic strip dates from the late 19th century, when artists such as Rudolph Dirks, inventor of the Katzenjammer Kids, began drawing them for American newspapers; and the animated cartoon was born in 1907, when French artist Émile Cohl began drawing people and other images directly onto movie film.
Principles of Animation: Limited Animation - YouTube
The earliest surviving animated feature film is the 1926 silhouette-animated Die Abenteuer des Prinzen Achmed (Adventures of Prince Achmed), which used colour-tinted film. It was directed by German Lotte Reiniger and her husband Carl Koch. Walter Ruttmann created visual background effects.
Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Traditional animation (or classical animation, cel animation, hand-drawn animation, or 2D animation) is an animation technique in which each frame is drawn by hand. The technique was the dominant form of animation in cinema until computer animation.
The first 2D animation was released in 1908, called “Fantasmagorie” by Emile Cohl. 20 years later, Walt Disney released the classic short “Steamboat Willie.” The company then moved on to make famous animated features such as 1937's “Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs.”
What is the most common form of animation?
Today, 3D animation is the most common form of animation. Computer animation requires the same understanding of the principles of movement and composition as traditional animation. But 3D animation doesn't necessarily require drawing skills.
The Golden age of American animation was a period in the history of American animation that began with the popularization of sound cartoons in the late 1920s when animated films started to feature sound and gradually ended in the 1970s with the closing of Walter Lantz Productions and Terrytoons.
- Traditional Animation.
- 2D Animation.
- 3D Animation.
- Motion Graphics.
- Stop Motion.
With animators throwing all their hard work into the hand-drawn 2D animation, this often led to the actual story of the film being neglected. This was a major reason that Disney took a step away from 2D animation, as there was too much focus on the form of the film rather than telling a memorable story.
A New Generation of Artists
By the end of 2021, Disney decided to make a return to 2D animation by launching their first training program in over a decade. The decision was made by chief creative officer Jennifer Lee and producer turned Disney Animation Studios president Clark Spencer (Encanto).
Disney Animator Says Studio Will Bring Back 2D Hand-Drawn Animation. In an interview with IndieWire, Disney animator Eric Goldberg said that Walt Disney Animation Studios will be returning to 2D animation soon.
The history of animation dates back to the ancient world. From the pottery of the ancient Greeks to the ocular toys of the seventeenth century to the computer-generated imagery (CGI) of the twenty-first century, animation has existed in many forms, evolving into the technological feat we see today.
Modern computer animation usually uses 3D computer graphics to generate a three-dimensional picture. Sometimes, the target of the animation is the computer itself, but sometimes film as well.
In 1995, there came the first fully computer-animation feature film, Disney-Pixar's Toy Story, which was a huge commercial success.
There are many professional 3D animators that can create amazing animations without drawing. Many of the pioneer animators stood by the belief that your animation always comes first, and knowing how to be a great draftsman came second.
What makes animation so good?
They are overflowing with imaginative storylines. While animated films have more visual freedom than live-action movies, they also have more narrative freedom. As mentioned, not every animated film had to be animated, but there are many times it wouldn't make sense any other way.
Animation is a method of photographing successive drawings, models, or even puppets, to create an illusion of movement in a sequence. Because our eyes can only retain an image for approx. 1/10 of a second, when multiple images appear in fast succession, the brain blends them into a single moving image.
