10 Points of Proper Shoe Fit | FootCareMD (2024)

How Do You Find the Right Shoes?

Shoes serve many functions. They protect our feet. They cushion our body weight. They can make our feet feel comfortable or fashionable — hopefully both! Finding the proper shoes and making sure they fit are important for keeping your feet and your body happy. Poorly fitting shoes can be painful and cause foot problems like bunions, corns, calluses, hammertoes, plantar fasciitis, stress fractures, and more.

Follow these tips from Foot and Ankle Orthopaedic Surgeons to find the right shoes for you:

  1. Have your feet measured. Your foot size and shape can change over time. Don't rely on the fact that you have always worn a certain size.

  2. Fit your shoes to the larger foot. Most people have one foot that is larger than the other, so make sure you have BOTH feet measured.

  3. Get measured at the end of the day when your feet are the largest. When you are up during the day, your feet will swell and settle some. You want to make sure you are comfortable throughout the day and not just when you head out of the house in the morning.

  4. Don’t rely on shoe size alone. Just like clothes, the size marked inside the shoe may be different depending on the brand. So your shoe size is a just a starting point in selecting the correct shoe.

  5. Look at the shape of the shoe. Make sure the shoe shape resembles the shape of your foot and fits your foot comfortably.

  6. Don't plan on shoes stretching over time.They should fit well when you buy them.

  7. Check the width of the shoe. The ball of your foot (the widest part just before your toes begin) should fit comfortably in the widest part of the shoe.

  8. Check the depth of the shoe. The shoe should be deep enough to fit your toes, especially if you have hammertoes or other conditions. If the shoe's toe box is too small, your toes will rub against the top of the shoe and you will get calluses or sores.

  9. Check the space at the end of the shoe. Stand up and make sure there is 3/8" or 1/2" (about the width of your finger) between your longest toe (usually the second toe) and the end of the shoe.

  10. Always stand and walk around in the shoes to see if they are comfortable, fit well, and don’t chafe or rub anywhere. Your heel should not slip or slide while walking.

Additional Tips

Match the shoe to your activity

Your ideal shoes will change based on the activity you want to do while wearing them.

  • Running shoes are specially designed to provide the proper cushioning at the heel and flexibility at the toes that athletes need.

  • Walking shoes have a shock absorbing heel and flex at the ball of the foot.

  • Cross-trainers are often good all-purpose shoes for general exercise. Basketball shoes are meant for basketball and may not be the best choice if you do a lot of walking.

  • Cycling shoes are stiffer to help you pedal more efficiently but don't work well for most other activities.

  • Dress shoes can be comfortable as well as look good. Many dress shoes are now made with a sneaker-like sole that provides better cushioning and tread and better arch support. Expensive Italian loafers are not for everybody.


Look for good shoe construction

Some basic principles of a good shoe include a cushioned heel, firm sole that doesn’t easily twist or bend, and flexibility at the proper area depending on the type of shoe.

  • If the upper part of the shoe is made from a soft, breathable material, it will be more comfortable to wear for longer period of time and less likely to cause rubbing or skin irritation.
  • The upper part of the shoe should have laces or straps to hold the foot in place comfortably with activity.
  • There should be some arch support in the shoe or in the insert inside the shoe. Many shoes can be made to fit better simply by removing the factory insert and replacing it with a high-quality off-the-shelf orthotic. Custom orthotics are rarely necessary and should be prescribed by your foot and ankle orthopaedic surgeon for specific foot disorders.

Following these steps will help minimize your risk of shoe problems and foot problems. If you experience foot or ankle problems, talk to a foot and ankle orthopaedic surgeon near you.

Original article by Daniel Farber, MD
Last reviewed by Andrew Rosenbaum, MD, 2018

The American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) offers information on this site as an educational service. The content of FootCareMD, including text, images, and graphics, is for informational purposes only. The content is not intended to substitute for professional medical advice, diagnoses or treatments. If you need medical advice, use the "Find a Surgeon" search to locate a foot and ankle orthopaedic surgeon in your area.

10 Points of Proper Shoe Fit | FootCareMD (2024)

FAQs

10 Points of Proper Shoe Fit | FootCareMD? ›

Generally speaking, there should be about one finger's width of space between your longest toe and the end of the shoe. Another way to check this is to slip a finger between the heel of your foot and the heel of your shoe. There should be just enough space for your finger to fit nice and snugly.

How should shoes fit properly? ›

Generally speaking, there should be about one finger's width of space between your longest toe and the end of the shoe. Another way to check this is to slip a finger between the heel of your foot and the heel of your shoe. There should be just enough space for your finger to fit nice and snugly.

How should pointed shoes fit? ›

So, we have to be extra careful when we buy pointed-toe shoes. To leave some more space for your front foot and toes, it's better to take 1 to 2 size up, or have at least 2.5 cm space in the toe cap. For better comfort, it's best to choose pointed-toe shoes based on your foot shape.

How do I know my shoe size is correct? ›

If one foot is larger than the other, buy a size that fits the larger foot. Stand in the shoes. Press gently on the top of the shoe to make sure you have about a half-inch of space between your longest toe and the end of the shoe. This provides enough room for your foot to press forward as you walk.

What does the saying if the shoe fits mean? ›

US. used to say that something said or suggested about a person is true and that the person should accept it as true. "Are you calling me a cheater?" "Well, if the shoe fits, wear it."

Should my toe touch the end of my shoe? ›

As a rule of thumb (or toe), you should have about 3/8″ to 1/2″ of room from the tip of your longest toe to the end of the shoe. Your big toe is not automatically your longest toe.

How do you tell if my shoes are too small? ›

If the shoe's toe box is too small, your toes will rub against the top of the shoe and you will get calluses or sores. Check the space at the end of the shoe. Stand up and make sure there is 3/8" or 1/2" (about the width of your finger) between your longest toe (usually the second toe) and the end of the shoe.

How far up should toes be in shoes? ›

Leave Half an Inch at the Front of the Shoe

There should be about half an inch between the end of your longest toe and the front of the shoe. If you have small hands, this is about the size of the tip of your index finger. If you have large hands, it's about the size of the tip of your pinky finger.

Why are pointed shoes uncomfortable? ›

Pointy-toed Shoes: Whether they are heels or flats, the pointy toe-box in a shoe can cause neuroma, an inflammation resulting from squishing the toes together in too small a space. Neuroma can cause pain, burning and tingling, possibly requiring surgical intervention.

Should I buy shoes half size bigger? ›

Christine Luff from verywell.com recommends going up half a shoe size because one's feet swell when they run and it is important to have plenty of room in the toebox. If one's toes are crammed in the front of the running shoe, you could develop blisters or black toenails.

Is one shoe size up a big difference? ›

The difference between half sizes in the US system is about 4.23 mm. Typically, though, an American shoe runs one size smaller than a comparable English shoe. So, an American size 11 translates roughly to an English size 10. On the surface, there's little difference between a 9.5 and 10 shoe.

What is an example of if the shoe fits? ›

“If The Shoe Fits” Examples

'You may not have committed this particular robbery, but we've caught you for another, if the shoe fits.”

When the shoe doesn't fit? ›

“If the shoe doesn't fit, then get a bigger shoe.”

Is it bad to wear shoes a half size too big? ›

Other painful effects of wearing shoes that are too big include: Corns and calluses: caused by excessive pressure on the toes. Metatarsalgia: caused by too much pressure on the balls of your feet. Disrupted natural stride: resulting in Achilles tendonitis, arch pain, and pain in the calf muscles.

What is the closed toe shoe rule? ›

Proper work attire may require the use of closed-toe shoes (no sandals or open-toed shoes) which are shoes with a closed heel and toe. In areas where corrosive materials are used, shoes must have leather or simulated leather uppers. This means no shoes with shoe top perforations or fabric materials.

Should toes be curled in shoes? ›

Curled toes are stronger than flat toes and will help you stand on small foot holds. You never want your toes to be so curled that it feels like you're standing on your toenails – that's a sure sign that your shoes are too small. In contrast, a shoe that's too large will shift when you're standing on small foot holds.

Is it better for shoes to be tight or loose? ›

1/8” movement is normal but can feel like much more. Loose slipping in the heels will not cause blisters when broken in gradually, but wearing shoes that are too small and tight will cause friction and then blister. It is much more important to give your forefoot lots of room.

Is it better to size up or down in shoes? ›

As a general rule, always size up. Only size down if it says that the shoes run large. You can always stuff the toe to make a larger shoe fit. A safe choice would be a size up.

Do shoes get wider over time? ›

Shoes will typically stretch all on their own as you wear them. Leather shoes, whether it be men's dress shoes or women's heels, will fit over time. But if they are too tight and uncomfortable to wear in, try some of these easy hacks to stretch your shoes up to half a size or so to accommodate your feet.

How many inches should your toes be? ›

Your longest toe should be about half an inch, which is about the width of your finger, from the front of the shoe. Here's an age-old trick that still works like a charm when you're looking for a pair of shoes that protect and fit your toes properly: Place your thumb between your big toe and the tip of the shoe.

How straight should your toes be? ›

When standing and walking, our feet should be pointing straight ahead. They shouldn't be pointing outwards (externally rotated), or inwards (internally rotation). They should also have a nice arch on the inside of the foot and not be rolled inwards (pronated) or rolled outwards (supinated).

Should toes be spaced out? ›

Just like the fingers on our hands don't touch each other when relaxed, our toes should have spacing in between them (like the foot on the left pictured above). As our feet start to look like the shoes we put them in, the toes compress against each other and in some even start to overlap.

How do toes fit in pointed shoes? ›

For pointy toed shoes, you may need to go up a 1/2 size (this also allows for extra room when your feet swell during PMS, air travel, etc.). A properly fitting, pointy toed heel should allow your toes enough room to wiggle around slightly. They should never be so cramped that you can't move them at all.

What are the disadvantages of pointed shoes? ›

Tight, pointed Shoes

This type of shoe can cause corns, bunions, and other toe deformities such as hammer and claw toes, cross over toes, ingrown toe nails that may require surgery to correct.

Should I size down in pointed heels? ›

Reject any heels that fit tight anywhere - especially around the toes. If high heels have pointy toes buy a larger size than normal to have room for the forefoot and toes to spread out from side to side. NEVER EVER EXPECT TO GET HEELS TO FIT BY 'BREAKING THEM IN' OR STRETCHING THEM. (The one exception to never ...

Do feet get bigger with age? ›

Do people's feet change as they get older? They don't change in size, necessarily. But feet may get wider, not longer, as we age. They change in their elasticity the same way other body parts do – tissue becomes less tight, causing the increased width and sagging of the arches.

Does 0.5 shoe size make a difference? ›

A half-size represents a 1/8” difference. It may not seem significant but is enough to distinguish between comfort and discomfort. Because there is no standardisation for shoe sizing, a half size difference will also depend on the brand of shoe. With some makes, a half size will be more significant than others.

Which foot is usually bigger? ›

Left feet are generally the larger of the two. But there is usually a reason why the left foot is more prominent. For most people, the right side of the body is dominant. This can be seen when we walk; it is easier to maintain our balance when we step forward with our left foot.

Should I size up or down if I'm a half size? ›

While the difference between the length of whole and half sizes are small, keep in mind that shoe width does increase with size. So, selecting a half size larger will give you a little more wiggle room for both length and width.

What is the difference between 9.5 and 10 shoe size? ›

The difference between a size 9.5 and 10 shoe is 1/6 of an inch. The difference between sizes in whole sizes is about 1/3 of an inch. This measurement was called a ““Barley corn” in the old days.

What does if the glove fits mean? ›

phrase. If you say that something fits like a glove, you are emphasizing that it fits exactly. [emphasis]

Can gaining weight make your shoes not fit? ›

It is possible that the size of your feet could change when you lose weight. Your shoe size could also change when you gain weight, too. When you gain unnecessary weight, your feet will begin to grow as a result of the extra weight on your body and a restructuring of the bone structure within your feet.

How do I make my shoes fit better? ›

Wear thicker socks (or multiple pairs).

Perhaps the easiest thing you can do to make a loose pair of shoes fit better is to "bulk up" your feet with thicker layers of socks. For example, you might try exchanging a skin-tight pair of dress socks or tights for a padded set of crew socks.

Why are new shoes always tight? ›

It's normal for new shoes to feel tight around the toes, rub at the heel and pinch a little bit with every step. Because leather is an organic material and it stretches as it adapts to your feet, every new pair of shoes requires a break-in period.

Is it better to get a shoe size up or down? ›

Buying a sneaker that is slightly larger than your foot allows for better circulation which minimizes swelling. If one foot is slightly larger than the other go for the bigger size and always consider the kind of socks you plan to wear with your shoes.

Where should my toes be in shoes? ›

There should be about half an inch between the end of your longest toe and the front of the shoe. If you have small hands, this is about the size of the tip of your index finger. If you have large hands, it's about the size of the tip of your pinky finger.

How much space should be between toe and shoe running? ›

Proper toe fit: You want a thumb's width of space between your toe and the end of the shoe. Midfoot and heel fit: You should have a snug (but not tight) fit at the midfoot and heel.

Do shoes get looser over time? ›

Shoes will typically stretch all on their own as you wear them. Leather shoes, whether it be men's dress shoes or women's heels, will fit over time. But if they are too tight and uncomfortable to wear in, try some of these easy hacks to stretch your shoes up to half a size or so to accommodate your feet.

Should new shoes be tight? ›

Many people feel that a shoe needs to be tight on the heel when they are new. There is no such thing as heel width. This fallacy causes many people to buy their shoes too small. A properly fitted shoe may slip on the heel slightly when new.

Do shoes get wider as the size goes up? ›

What About Shoe Widths? With the lack of standardized shoe sizes just with the length of shoes, many companies don't even bother with the width of shoes when it comes to sizing. As your feet grow longer, they also grow wider- and as you go up in shoe sizes, you also need a bit more width in your shoes.

Do insoles make shoes tighter? ›

Although often intended to help with posture problems and other discomfort, insoles are also useful to make shoes smaller by taking up extra space in footwear that's a tad on the big side. Full insoles are a fantastic solution if your shoes are too big across the length of your foot.

What is the difference between a size 9 and 9.5 shoe? ›

Length: There is approximately a 1/6" difference between each half-size (e.g., between 9 and 9.5, between a 9.5 and a 10, and so on) For every half size up, the width (across the ball) will increase by 1/8"

Should toes have wiggle room in shoes? ›

Your toes need wiggle room so that you don't get blisters, calluses or damaged toenails. You should be able to wiggle your toes comfortably in the toe box and if you aren't sure how much room is enough, use the “rule of thumb” when purchasing new shoes.

Which toe on your foot is the most important? ›

It probably is no surprise that your big toe is the most important when maintaining balance and bearing body weight. Your big toes bear just about 2 times the amount of weight as all your other toes combined! It still should not shock you that the pinky toes are the least important.

How much difference is a half size in shoes? ›

A half size in shoes is only 1/8 of an inch in added length. Shoes size can vary for many reasons, from sports injuries to weight gain and age. It's not uncommon to go up a half size if your feet or arch height begins to become more flat overtime.

How much room is too much in a running shoe? ›

A properly fitting running shoe should feel snug in the heel and midfoot, with wiggle room around the toes. While standing, check for proper length and width by pressing your thumb down next to the ball of your foot and around the toes. A good fit should allow for half to a full thumb's width of space.

How can I tell if my running shoes are too big? ›

Sliding or shifting: If you can feel your heel slide up and down or the front portion of your foot slide or shift around, your shoes are too big or too wide. Blisters: Blisters happen when your foot moves around within your shoe. Blisters on the ball of the foot are a sign your shoe is too wide.

Should my heel move in running shoes? ›

Ideally, your running shoe should feel snug around your heel but leave some wiggle-room for your toes. If your heel is slipping, one of two issues could be at play. First, the shoe could be too big if your heel moves around, which can be annoying and cause blisters.

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