One Family Built Forever 21, and Fueled Its Collapse (Published 2019) (2024)

Business|One Family Built Forever 21, and Fueled Its Collapse

https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/23/business/forever-21-bankruptcy-chang-family.html

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One Family Built Forever 21, and Fueled Its Collapse (Published 2019) (1)

When Forever 21 filed for bankruptcy last month, the fast fashion chain described its history in documents that read, at times, like a pitch for a memoir or a Netflix special.

Photos of the company’s husband and wife founders, Do Won and Jin Sook Chang, and their two daughters appeared under headings like “Forever Striving: A Story of Grit, Determination, and Passion.” The filing emphasized the improbable success of the Changs, who immigrated to the United States from South Korea in 1981 and built a multibillion-dollar business from scratch.

There were references to the daughters’ undergraduate degrees from “Ivy League universities” — both are top executives at the company — and summer breaks spent at Forever 21 stores. A definition of the American dream, as explained by Investopedia.com, even appeared on one page.

The Changs were indeed a unique success story, and Forever 21 was far from a run-of-the-mill family operation. At its peak, the retailer brought in more than $4 billion in annual sales and employed more than 43,000 people worldwide in hundreds of stores. Now it is leaving 40 countries and closing up to 199, or more than 30 percent, of its stores in the United States as part of its bankruptcy, and former employees and industry experts are pointing to the Changs’ insular management style as a significant reason for the collapse. They cite disastrous real estate deals and the chain’s bungled merchandising strategy in recent years.

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“On the founder side, this hubris thing is pretty common, but it’s particularly deadly if you’ve been successful for a long time,” said Erik Gordon, a management expert at the University of Michigan Ross School of Business. “They didn’t have a board of directors to give them a reality check, they didn’t have equity analysts to give them a reality check.”

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One Family Built Forever 21, and Fueled Its Collapse (Published 2019) (2024)

FAQs

What was the downfall of Forever 21? ›

Forever 21's primary focus was mall locations, which became a problem as malls started to decline. They often agreed to unfavorable lease terms, locking them into long-term, overpriced agreements. This inflexibility became a financial burden, pushing them deeper into debt.

What is the controversy with Forever 21? ›

But the brand has a history riddled with controversies. From ripping off independent artists, to releasing culturally insensitive designs, to using straight-sized models in advertising for plus-sized clothing, and even shipping plus-sized orders with weight loss bars—yikes.

Is it true that Forever 21 is closing? ›

Take Forever 21. Four years ago, the chain filed for bankruptcy. In 2020, it was bought out of bankruptcy by an unusual team: America's largest mall operators and a firm called Authentic Brands Group. Today, it is as ready as ever to sell you the shortest shorts.

What is the religious belief of Forever 21? ›

Forever 21 as a Christian brand is a revelation, not just about this specific business, but about the beautiful marriage of faith and fashion. It is a tale of how branding can tread the divinity of human sensitivity, touching not just the material needs but the spiritual wants of the consumer.

What did Forever 21 get sued for? ›

The ACLU lawsuit, Fashion 21 v. Garment Worker Center, alleges that the 19 workers sewed, trimmed, and pressed Forever 21 clothing in sweatshop conditions, and were not paid the minimum wage and/or overtime due them under state and federal law.

Is Shaq owner of Forever 21? ›

Today, reports confirm that Shaq is the second-largest individual to own shares in Authentic Brand Group, which owns JCPenney, Forever 21, and, ironically, Reebok.

Does Forever 21 have toxic chemicals? ›

1.4 CAG alleges that Covered Products contain Diethyl Hexyl Phthalate, also known as Bis (2-ethylhexl) phthalate, (DEHP), and that FOREVER 21 did not provide a required warning in compliance with the California Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act (Cal.

What did Forever 21 used to be called? ›

Forever 21 is a multinational fast-fashion retailer headquartered in Los Angeles, California, United States. Originally founded as the store Fashion 21 in Highland Park, Los Angeles in 1984, it is currently operated by Authentic Brands Group and Simon Property Group, with about 540 outlets.

What makes Forever 21 unethical? ›

Forever 21's practices, characterized by mass production, cheap labor, and disposable fashion, contributed to its downfall. The brand's unsustainable business model and lack of ethical considerations resulted in mounting negative publicity and consumer backlash.

What does Forever 21 do with unsold clothes? ›

Forever 21 is one of the largest fast fashion retailers in the U.S., and it churns through millions of articles of clothing every season. Whatever doesn't get sold is likely headed to the landfill.

Who owns Forever 21 now? ›

F21 continues to operate E-commerce and 450 locations across the U.S. along with maintaining a strong brand DNA with consumers and within the fashion industry. In February 2020, Forever 21 came under new ownership made up of Simon Property Group, Brookfield Property Partners, and Authentic Brands Group.

Does Forever 21 use child labor? ›

Our agreement also covers issues of time off, free association and movement rights, nondiscrimination, environmental protection and security. Our agreement expressly prohibits human trafficking and the use of forced, slave, child or prison labor, or labor from closed or freedom-restricting countries.

Is there a Bible verse on the bottom of Forever 21 bags? ›

That's why the Bible's most famous salvation verse, “John 3:16,” appears at the bottom of Forever 21's yellow shopping bags. “I hoped others would learn of God's love,” Do Won once explained to CNN. “So that's why I put it there.”

What is the Bible verse on Forever 21? ›

Every Forever 21 shopping bag has the words "John 3:16" on the bottom. The verse, one of the best-known in the Bible, reads: "For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life."

What religion is 2050? ›

Characteristic20102050
Christians2,168.332,918.07
Muslims1,600.72,761.48
Unaffiliated1,131.151,230.34
Hindus1,032.211,384.36
4 more rows
Apr 2, 2015

Is Forever 21 making a comeback? ›

But as online spending has died down, Forever 21 is one of many brands reinvesting in brick-and-mortar retail. The 14 new stores are different than the sprawling, multi-floor experiences that Forever 21 is known for, as the brand is trying to avoid the mistakes of the past.

Did Forever 21 get hacked? ›

Apparel giant Forever 21 has confirmed a data breach that impacted over 500,000 current and former employees. In a written notices sent to potential victims, Forever 21 said it detected a cyber incident on March 20, 2023, that compromised a limited number of computer systems.

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