[Solved] In case of batch production the preferred layout will be (2024)

Detailed Solution

PROCESS LAYOUT:

• It is also known as thefunctional layoutand is characterized by keeping similar machines or similar operationsat one location(place).
• In other words, all lathes will be in one place, all milling machines at another, and so on, that is machines have been arranged according to their functions.

Process Layout is employed where:

• Suitable in job shop and batch production.
• A low volume of production is required.
• Similar jobs are manufactured on similar machines (Eg. Refining of crude oil).
• Machined are arranges on a functional basis.

Drawbacks of Process Layout:

• More floor space is required.
• Production control is more difficult and costly as it increases handling costs.

Additional Information

Layout planning in manufacturing and service organizations involves the physical arrangement of various resources available in the system to improve the performance of the operating system, thereby providing better services in less time.

Layouts can be classified into the following four categories:

1. Process layout
2. Product layout
3. Group layout (Combination layout)
4. Fixed-position layout

PRODUCT LAYOUT:

• It is also known as line layout. It implies that various operations on raw material are performed in a sequence and the machines are placed along the product flow line i.e.machines are arranged in the sequence in which the raw material will be operated upon.
• This type of layout is preferred for continuous production i.e. involving a continuous flow of in-process material towards the finished product stage.
• It is used formass production of a product i.e. in automobile assembly.

Advantages of Product layout:

• Handling cost reduces.
• Less in-process inventory.
• Less supervision.
• Efficient space utilisation.
• Higher productivity i.e. cycletime is short.

Disadvantages:

• Lack of flexibility.
• Breakdown stops the entire process.
• Output quantity fixed, no alteration can be made.

FIXED PRODUCT LAYOUT:

• It is also known as astatic product layout.
• In other types of layoutsearlier, the product moves poststationary production equipment, whereas in this case, the reverse applies men and equipment are moved to thematerial which is very large in sizei.e. remains at one place and the product is completed at that place.
• It is used inshipbuilding; aircraft manufactured big pressure vessel fabrication.

UNIT PRODUCT LAYOUT:

• It is similar to fixed product layout but here thequantity also reduced to unity eg. launch of a satellite.

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