Swimming Bans High-Tech Suits, Ending an Era (Published 2009) (2024)

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ROME — In an effort to clean up its sport, the international governing body of swimming will require its athletes to show more skin. By an overwhelming vote Friday at its general congress, FINA officials decided to ban the high-tech swimsuits that have been likened to doping on a hanger.

The ban does not start until 2010, but the polyurethane-based swimsuit era that the swimwear giant Speedo introduced in the lead-up to last year’s Beijing Olympics will effectively be ushered out, presumably with a bang, at the swimming world championships that start here Sunday.

In the 17 months since the LZR Racer hit the market and spawned a host of imitators, more than 130 world records have fallen, including seven (in eight events) by Michael Phelps during the Beijing Olympics.

Phelps, a 14-time Olympic gold medalist, applauded FINA’s proposal that racing suits be made of permeable materials and that there be limits to how much of a swimmer’s body could be covered. The motion must be approved by the FINA Bureau when it convenes Tuesday.

“I like it,” Phelps said. “I think it’s going to be good.”

In the Olympic individual events, only four world records remain from the pre-2008, pre-polyurethane era: the men’s 400- and 1,500-meter freestyles, and the women’s 100 breaststroke and 100 butterfly.

As setting world records became almost commonplace, the swimsuit controversy spread beyond issues of performance into the territory of morality.

The Briton Rebecca Adlington, who won gold medals in the 400 and 800 freestyles in Beijing, is sticking with the LZR Racer, but was critical of swimsuits that have recently been developed. “I would never in a million years take a drug to help me, so why would I wear a suit just to improve my performance?” she told The Daily Telegraph. “It’s just not who I am.”

Jaked, an Italian-based manufacturer, is one of nearly two dozen companies that dived into the swimsuit race. Its 01 model has fewer panels and seams and more polyurethane than Speedo’s high-tech offering.

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There were concerns that swimsuit technology was encroaching on the sport’s integrity as far back as 2000 when full-body suits were introduced, replacing men’s lycra briefs and women’s lycra one pieces.

At that time, the United States Swimming Board of Directors convened a conference call. Dave Salo, the University of Southern California swim coach who was on the board then, said the members spent two hours discussing technology’s slippery slope.

In a news conference Friday, Corel Marculescu, the executive director of FINA, said, “We’ve been looking at this issue for six months only, trying to solve the problems.”

Before this week, FINA did not have a bylaw expressly forbidding swimsuits that might aid speed, buoyancy and endurance. Some retired swimming greats were openly questioning the governing body’s stewardship of the sport. Franziska Van Almsick, a former world-record holder in the 200 freestyle, recently told the German newspaper Der Tagesspiegel, “They can’t allow the full-body condom where all you see is the swimmer’s face.”

Salo, who coaches the American Rebecca Soni, the world-record holder in the women’s 200 breaststroke, said Friday, “I think when FINA didn’t define the rules, it opened this quagmire for all the swimsuit companies because they looked around and said, ‘Oh, there are no rules.’”

Not all the high-tech suits were created equal. But they enabled swimmers without an ideal physique or impeccable conditioning to be more competitive. Squeezed into the corset-like suit, a muscled and stocky body is as streamlined as a long and lean one; a soft abdomen as effective as six-pack abs. “The thing that’s really hurt more than anything else is the whole suit situation has devalued athleticism,” Salo said. “A lot of kids who aren’t in very good shape can put on one of these suits and be streamlined like seals.”

FINA officials arranged for buoyancy tests on nearly 400 suit models and approved 202 in May for these world championships. Ten suits were rejected, including the B8 polyurethane model created by the California-based Tyr Sport and favored by the American sprint freestyler and backstroker Matt Grevers. Tyr has appealed to the Court of Arbitration for Sport in the hopes of having the suit approved before the meet’s start. Come January, the polyurethane era will have gone the way of square-grooved clubs in men’s professional golf. “Basically, when we roll back, racers are going to hurt a lot more than they hurt currently, which is not something I’m looking forward to,” Grevers said. He added, “Mentally, I think everyone’s prepared to go slower.”

Grevers, the silver medalist in the 100 backstroke in Beijing, spoke after warming up in the outdoor competition pool at the Foro Italico Sports Complex. At the end of his practice, he shed his full-body polyurethane suit like a snake does a second skin to reveal nylon briefs he wore for modesty’s sake. The next debate will revolve around the world records broken by athletes wearing the soon-to-be banned suits. Should 2008-9 be remembered as swimming’s asterisk era?

“The rules that were in there at that moment, we accept it,” said Uruguay’s Julio Maglione, who was elected president of FINA at Friday’s congress. “No change.”

Mark Schubert, the general manager of the United States national team, disagreed. Earlier this month he said the records should be stricken because they were artificially aided. “I just don’t think we’ve been good stewards of the sport to allow what’s happened,” he said.

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Swimming Bans High-Tech Suits, Ending an Era (Published 2009) (2024)

FAQs

Why were hightech swimsuits banned 2010? ›

ROME — In an effort to clean up its sport, the international governing body of swimming will require its athletes to show more skin. By an overwhelming vote Friday at its general congress, FINA officials decided to ban the high-tech swimsuits that have been likened to doping on a hanger.

When were tech suits banned? ›

In 2009, FINA, the international swimming federation, announced a ban on technical suits after 130 world records fell in the 17 months following the release of Speedo's LZR Racer.

When were super suits banned in swimming? ›

In the beginning of 2010, FINA banned those suits for good. Now, swimsuits have to be made with only textile material, no polyurethane.

What types of suit were banned by FINA? ›

These rules also banned suits which go above the navel or below the knee for men and suits which extend past the shoulders or cover the neck for women FINA stated that it "wishes to recall the main and core principle is that swimming is a sport essentially based on the physical performance of the athlete".

Why are the Speedo LZR swimsuit banned? ›

They were deemed to provide an unfair advantage to the wearer by FINA, which led to a ban on all swimsuits of a similar nature.

Why were full body tech suits banned? ›

While viewing played a role in FINA's abolishment of legsuits/men's kneeskins/full body suits, there was a bigger reason: They are simply too fast. These suits increase a swimmers buoyancy in the water, allowing less of the swimmer to be in the water, and therefore slowed down by the drag of the water.

Can a 12 year old wear a tech suit? ›

The only meets where a 12-Under will be allowed to wear a tech suit is one that is in USA Swimming's Championship series of meets (Junior Nationals, US Open, National Championships or U.S. Olympic Trials).

Is the LZR swimsuit banned? ›

By 2010, the fate of the LZR racer was sealed: FINA, the international governing body of swimming banned swimsuits that might aid speed, buoyancy and performance — including the LZR Racer. The wording of that by-law stands to this day and is clearly influenced by the science that made the LZR Racer so damn fast.

Are tech suits allowed in swimming? ›

A technical suit is defined as any suit with bonded or taped seams (regardless of fabric or silhouette) and are banned. Also in this ban is any suit with woven fabric that extends below the hips. A knit fabric suit is permitted provided it doesn't extend below the knees.

When was the LZR banned? ›

Following years of controversy around the performance enhancement of racing suits, FINA in 2008 implemented a ban on their production . Although the ban did not come into effect until January 2010, new laws deemed the Speedo LZR an illegal and therefore obsolete product.

Why was a high school swimmer disqualified for suit? ›

Breckynn Willis, a member of the swim team at Dimond High School in Anchorage, Alaska, had competed in four events at a swim competition Friday. She swam in and won a heat during the meet, but a race official deemed that her swimsuit had shifted into a position that showed too much of her backside.

Are full body tech suits banned? ›

It has been one decade since FINA banned the now infamous tech suit and ended the “shiny suit era” – one in which the world saw records falling at an alarming rate.

Why are swimming suits banned? ›

Swimming's governing body FINA has banned the use of high-tech 'super suits. ' The swimsuits were responsible for a spate of world records but have been blamed for ruining the sport. The use of high-tech suits made from plastic derivatives, such as polyurethane, has been the source of much debate in the swimming world.

Are tech suits banned in the Olympics? ›

Eventually, supporters did realize that this was paramount to 'technological doping', and these suits were banned, but their lasting impact is still shown today.

How much did full body tech suits cost? ›

Tech suits start at around $100 and can go up to $599. Premium racing suits for men start at around $300 and can be as expensive as $430, while elite kneeskins for women can cost as much as $600. In this article, we will look at the costs of every kind of tech suit for swimmers, including the prices of each.

Why do Olympic swimmers have no body hair? ›

Olympic swimmers shave their whole bodies in order to reduce drag, increase their feel for the water. Shaving prepares athletes not only physically but mentally. The psychological readiness paired with shaving is one of the final steps to be prepared for elite level athletic performance.

Why did the Olympics ban black swim caps? ›

The report said that the organization also determined that the cap does not "[follow] the natural form of the head," a rule that is outlined in FINA's requirements for approved swimwear. This ban sparked global conversations about inclusivity and existing barriers within the world of competitive swimming.

Why are swim caps for black hair banned in Olympics? ›

The specialist headwear, which was created by a black-owned UK brand, was banned from the Tokyo Olympics last year, with the water sport's governing body stating at the time that it did not fit "the natural form of the head".

How long does a swim tech suit last? ›

Due to the specialized material used in these swimsuits, and because of how tight they are worn, tech suits don't last as long as we would like. A lot depends on how you care for your suit but in general, they last for eight to ten meets.

Does a tech suit make you faster? ›

Many studies say yes. For example, one study published by the Journal Of The American College Of Sports Medicine found that wearing a fastskin tech suit increased performance by 3.2% on average, compared to wearing standard training suits. The science behind swim race suits shows that they: Provide muscular compression.

How much did the LZR Racer cost? ›

Though the LZR Racer has led to impressive results in the swimming world, some people have argued that wearing the suit is technological doping – the suit is more like a “device” that swimmers who can afford it (retail price of the LZR Racer is ~ $550, and you are supposed to wear it only ten times) wear to improve ...

Do tech suits expire? ›

The harsh truth is don't expect to get more than two full meets out of a tech suit. If you are an elite level swimmer you should expect to buy a new one each year.

Is Aquablade a tech suit? ›

Jammer, Brief, Classic Suit The original and still a winner- the Aquablade was the first offering by Speedo in the tech suit market. The fabric is a color-on-color stripe with a very silky feel.

Should you wash a tech suit? ›

When you are done with your meet, you want to remove as much chlorine from the tech suit as you can, and the best way to do that is to rinse the suit with cold water. You should not use soap or shampoo, as these can damage the suit material and affect the compression. You should never use a washing machine!

Is Speedo Fastskin banned? ›

The Fastskin LZR Racer suit, now outlawed in official competition by FINA guidelines, was worn by 94% of Olympic gold medalists at the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing.

Why are Speedos banned? ›

Speedos Were Once Banned, But Not For The Reason You'd Think

No matter which camp you're in, it might be surprising to you that the brand was once banned on many beaches in the 1920s — for showing too much shoulder, of all things.

Why Speedo fastskin was controversial? ›

The LZR Racer is one of the most controversial pieces of sports equipment ever introduced. Critics have accused its manufacturers, Speedo, of 'technological doping' and complained it gives its wearers an unfair advantage.

Can a 13 year old wear a tech suit? ›

Tech suits aren't designed for youngsters.

The swim suit manufacturers design these suits for older age group swimmers and up.

How much faster is a tech suit in swimming? ›

The study found that, on average, swim performance improved by 3.2% when swimmers wore a tech suit as opposed to a regular training suit. Additionally, the study found that tech suits can reduce drag by 4.4% to 6.2% and reduce the amount of energy needed for swimming by 4.5% to 5.5%.

Why do tech suits have barcodes? ›

All technical racing suits need to be approved by FINA for them to be legal in a competition. You'll notice this seal of approval if your suit has a black and white barcode it.

Why did the 16 year old swimmer get disqualified? ›

Teen with diabetes disqualified for glucose monitor at Colorado swim meet, suit says. A 16-year-old swimmer was disqualified from the state championship meet in Colorado because he was wearing a glucose monitor covered with tape for his Type 1 diabetes.

Why was female swimmer disqualified? ›

A top female swimmer in Alaska was disqualified from a race she had already won when a referee ruled that her bathing suit was immodest and showed off too much backside, officials said Monday.

Why was the US swimmer disqualified? ›

Ress stormed into the final as hot favourite and finished 0.02 of a second ahead of fellow American Hunter Armstrong. After a video review, Ress was disqualified when footage showed he finished the race entirely submerged, which is illegal in backstroke events.

How many times can you wear a tech suit? ›

Due to the specialized material used in these swimsuits, and because of how tight they are worn, tech suits don't last as long as training suits. Life spans are highly dependent on how you care for your suit and in general, they last for eight to ten meets.

Is a high waist tech suit better? ›

While tech suit makers claim that a higher waist also boosts core stability, in my experience wearing them I haven't really noticed a difference. Ultimately, the choice between high waist and regular comes down to what you are most comfortable with and your body shape.

What swimsuits are banned? ›

FINA Bans Non-Textile Swimsuits

Also, suits must not go past swimmers' knees. Men's suits cannot go above the waist, and women's cannot go past the shoulders. The decision essentially outlaws all high-tech swimsuits on the market. Many think that world records will stay put until the ban is reversed.

Why can't you wear cotton in a pool? ›

Street clothes (especially those made of cotton) can transport air and waterborne contaminants to the pool. Absorbent materials such as cotton can break down in the water. These fibers can clog pool filters and create the need for expensive repairs.

Why are T shirts not allowed in pools? ›

Cotton and similar materials can absorb the chemicals in the water, causing the water to become less effective at maintaining the proper chemical balance or may cloud the water.”

Why are high tech swimsuits banned in London? ›

When professional swimmers broke an unmatched number of world records at the Beijing Olympic Games in 2008 and the Rome World Championships in 2009, however, some decided the sport had lost its purity and the suits were recently banned.

Is open or closed back tech suit better? ›

The fabric and the technology that make up technical suits offers compression as well as a more hydrophobic performance in the pool. When it comes to speed, most brands feel that more compression is key. "While they both have the same fabric, more is better in the case of a closed-back suit," he says.

Why do swimmers wear long swimsuits? ›

A suit that extends below the hip helps to streamline the swimmer's body by creating a sleek silhouette and thus minimizing resistance encountered as the swimmer pulls themselves through the water.

What suit is best for swimming? ›

The swim brief—more commonly known as the “Speedo”—is the most common suit swimmers wear in practice and during lap swimming. They provide a high range of freedom, are cheap, and because they are almost always made of polyester, last a long time.

Why are high-tech swimsuits banned in London? ›

When professional swimmers broke an unmatched number of world records at the Beijing Olympic Games in 2008 and the Rome World Championships in 2009, however, some decided the sport had lost its purity and the suits were recently banned.

Why was the Afro swim cap banned? ›

The specialist headwear, which was created by a black-owned UK brand, was banned from the Tokyo Olympics last year, with the water sport's governing body stating at the time that it did not fit "the natural form of the head".

Why were swim caps banned in the Olympics? ›

The committee initially banned the swim caps because they said they "did not follow the natural form of the head," according to Dearing, who was frustrated with the committee's explanation.

Why are undergarments not allowed in swimming pools? ›

Underwear material is not made to be worn in the pool or any kind of water. It will be ruined by the chemicals in the swimming pool. It will absorb water, making it harder to swim. It will almost always be visible from underneath the swimsuit, which can look unpleasant and unattractive.

What tech suits are illegal? ›

A technical suit is defined as any suit with bonded or taped seams (regardless of fabric or silhouette) and are banned. Also in this ban is any suit with woven fabric that extends below the hips.

Can black people wear swim caps? ›

Fina, the sport's world governing body, has approved a swimming cap designed for athletes with natural black hair, a year after it was banned from the Olympic Games.

Why did girls have to wear swimming caps? ›

Swim Caps in the 1950's-1960's

Public pool rules in the 1950's dictated that women with long hair must keep their hair covered with a swim cap to keep the drains from clogging and to keep the pools clean and sanitary.

Can swim caps damage hair? ›

One-size-fits-all swim caps, especially those made of latex, can tug on the scalp and break hair follicles.

Are full body swimsuits allowed in the Olympics? ›

Something was amiss. But it wasn't doping that officials from swimming's international governing body were concerned about, it was the suits. Fearing they gave swimmers a disproportionate advantage, full-body polyurethane swimsuits have since been banned from international competitions like the Olympics.

What country did not allow swimming? ›

While the Scandinavian and Germanic people developed swimming skills throughout the centuries, the frequency of accidental drownings prompted German schools and universities to impose a total ban on the activity.

What swimsuits are banned in the Olympics? ›

Half-body textile suits are allowed, and competitors can select from a range of different suits. And while fast suits have been banned for these games, FINA has declared that previous Olympic and world records set by swimmers wearing fast suits – all 40 of them – will still stand.

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